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Read the texts and decide if the statements are True, False or Nor Stated In the UK, only around 43% of 18- to 24-year-olds vote in general elections. Are you interested in politics, or do you change the TV channel when politicians appear on the screen? Leaders and parties The Prime Minister is the head of government in Britain and the queen (or king) is the head of state. British people vote in elections for Members of Parliament (MPs) to represent them. There are lots of political parties in the UK but the big three are the Labour Party (the main left-wing party), the Liberal Democrats (the main centre party) and the Conservatives (the main right-wing party). There are also parties representing different parts of the UK, such as the Scottish National Party and Plaid Cymru in Wales. Voting The UK voting system operates on a majority vote system. The political party that wins the most votes wins the election. For a political party in the UK to form a government, they need an overall majority. This means that the ruling party needs to have more Members of Parliament than all the other parties put together. If the winning party does not have an overall majority then there is a hung parliament. Coalition government What often happens in the case of a hung parliament is that one large party will join up with a smaller party to form a coalition. By doing this, they exclude the main opposition and still have power – although it is now shared between the two coalition parties. Young people and politics All British citizens over the age of 18 can vote in general elections. Some people think that young people in Britain are apathetic and don't care about politics. About 43% of 18- to 24-year-olds voted in the 2015 general election. The overall turnout is usually around 65% of the population. This is what some young people said about British politics. ‘I can’t relate to any of the politicians. They all seem fairly similar and rarely listen to young people. If politicians really listened to the voters, I think more young people would vote.’ Fiona, 20, from London ‘I didn’t vote in the last election but I do care about my country. Thousands of people protested on the streets against the government's plans to cut financial help with university fees earlier this year. Only rich people will be able to go to university if we have to pay thousands of pounds to study! I was at the protest and so were most of my friends at uni. I’ll vote in the next election if things don’t change.’ Sean, 19, from Leeds ‘Politicians need to start listening to us. We would get engaged in mainstream politics if we felt that our opinions were respected.’ William, 24, from Sheffield ‘Of course I voted in the last election. Everyone should vote! Young people need to start voting in general elections. If we don't vote, we won't change anything.’ Pippa, 23, from Fleet General elections are held approximately every five years. Will more young people decide to vote in the next election? We'll have to wait and see.

Read the texts and decide if the statements are True, False or Nor Stated. What is the Constitution Day? The Constitution is the main law of the state; it determines the sense and the contents of other laws. Constitution Day is a public holiday in Russia. It is a celebration of the adoption of the Constitution of the Russian Federation by referendum on December 12, 1993. The text of the Constitution of the Russian Federation was published in the Rossiyskaya Gazeta on December 25, 1993. Russia’s Constitution Day Traditions, Customs and Activities Even though most Russians don’t give much importance to the date, Constitution Day is celebrated with speeches from the Kremlin Palace by the President, official ceremonies countrywide, and a fireworks display in St. Petersburg. It is also a day that many organizations take the opportunity to hold rallies for the independence of previous Soviet republics from the Russian Federation and to lead protest against the government. History of Constitution Day in Russia Russians approved by referendum the new Constitution of the Russian Federation on December 12, 1993. The first ever Russian constitution was adopted in 1918 after the Monarchy was overthrown by the new Soviet regime, forming the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. A second constitution was adopted in 1924 for the formation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, or USSR. In 1936, a new constitution was put in place by Joseph Stalin to establish priority of federal legislation over republican. Later in 1977, Brezhnev adopted another constitution that would give him more power as the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Finally, by 1993, and after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1990, President Boris Yeltsin called to work the Constitutional Conference to create a new constitution. The referendum was held on December 12, 1993, simultaneous with the election of the government. Some More Facts about the Constitution At the beginning Constitution Day was a day off, but it was made a working day in 2004.  “The Copy No. 1” of the Russian Constitution is kept in the Presidential Library in the Kremlin.  Some amendments have been introduced since the adoption of the Constitution. The latest ones (2008) are the amendments stating that the President is elected every six years and the Duma is elected every five years.

Read the texts and decide if the statements are True, False or Nor Stated. In the UK, only around 43% of 18- to 24-year-olds vote in general elections. Are you interested in politics, or do you change the TV channel when politicians appear on the screen? Leaders and parties The Prime Minister is the head of government in Britain and the queen (or king) is the head of state. British people vote in elections for Members of Parliament (MPs) to represent them. There are lots of political parties in the UK but the big three are the Labour Party (the main left-wing party), the Liberal Democrats (the main centre party) and the Conservatives (the main right-wing party). There are also parties representing different parts of the UK, such as the Scottish National Party and Plaid Cymru in Wales. Voting The UK voting system operates on a majority vote system. The political party that wins the most votes wins the election. For a political party in the UK to form a government, they need an overall majority. This means that the ruling party needs to have more Members of Parliament than all the other parties put together. If the winning party does not have an overall majority then there is a hung parliament. Coalition government What often happens in the case of a hung parliament is that one large party will join up with a smaller party to form a coalition. By doing this, they exclude the main opposition and still have power – although it is now shared between the two coalition parties. Young people and politics All British citizens over the age of 18 can vote in general elections. Some people think that young people in Britain are apathetic and don't care about politics. About 43% of 18- to 24-year-olds voted in the 2015 general election. The overall turnout is usually around 65% of the population. This is what some young people said about British politics. ‘I can’t relate to any of the politicians. They all seem fairly similar and rarely listen to young people. If politicians really listened to the voters, I think more young people would vote.’ Fiona, 20, from London ‘I didn’t vote in the last election but I do care about my country. Thousands of people protested on the streets against the government's plans to cut financial help with university fees earlier this year. Only rich people will be able to go to university if we have to pay thousands of pounds to study! I was at the protest and so were most of my friends at uni. I’ll vote in the next election if things don’t change.’ Sean, 19, from Leeds ‘Politicians need to start listening to us. We would get engaged in mainstream politics if we felt that our opinions were respected.’ William, 24, from Sheffield ‘Of course, I voted in the last election. Everyone should vote! Young people need to start voting in general elections. If we don't vote, we won't change anything.’ Pippa, 23, from Fleet General elections are held approximately every five years. Will more young people decide to vote in the next election? We'll have to wait and see.

Read the job ad and decide whether the statement is true, false or not stated. Do you like cars? Are you friendly and do you like chatting with people? Would you like to make £200 a day selling cars? If you answered yes to the above questions, we’d like you to be on our team! (Driving license required.) Company Motor Ground is a car sales company that buys and sells used cars. Location Chennai, India You don’t need to talk to people to sell cars for Motor Ground.

Read the text and decide if the statements are True, False or Not Stated.

Read the text. Decide if the following statements are True, False or Not Stated. Choose the correct answer.

Read the text and decide if the statement is true, false or not stated. Communication gadgets meet us everywhere. We start the day using an alarm clock in the morning, make coffee in the coffee maker, watch TV to find out the latest news. And this is not the whole list of gadgets that are constantly being used. Today we are not controlling gadgets. Instead, the gadgets are controlling our life. Now we can't imagine a day without gadgets. People are controlling gadgets.

Read the text and decide if the statement is true, false or not stated. However, gadgets not only provide people with the comfortable life, but also increase our life expectancy. With the development of technology, new sophisticated machines help to perform operations and make diagnostics, thereby preventing frequent deaths of people. In modern medicine, there are even assistant robots that help surgeons during operations. Moreover, special video games are used to train surgeons who will perform laparoscopic operations in the future. Also, modern gadgets help to plan and perform various administrative and financial tasks in healthcare. Special medical gadgets can help people to live longer.

Read the text and decide if the statements are true, false or there is no relevant information in the text. For most people the prospect of having a holiday usually means a chance to relax by the pool with a cocktail or wander around town. For many thrill – seekers however, the real escape only happens when a huge adrenalin buzz is involved. Let’s look at some adrenalin activities around. Base jumping is an extremely dangerous activity. A lot of base jumpers die every year. They jump off tall buildings, bridges and cliffs. Base jumpers wear a small parachute and sometimes a wing suite which is a specially designed outfit that allows them to slow their rate of descent. They fall very quickly, so it’s important to open their parachute very fast! They haven’t got much time to use the parachute before they hit the ground. Shark dive adventurers use protected cages and special snorkel – like equipment to provide air. The divers are always near the surface, so this kind of diving is not so dangerous. There are many myths about sharks, and people think that they are killing machines but, according to International Shark Attack File, divers are more likely to be killed by other animals like dogs. Ferrari world is the paradise for fans of the Italian sports car giant. It’s the world’s fastest rollercoaster – the Formula Rossa – with top speed of 240 km/h. The rollercoaster’s goal is to bring people the sensation of what a Formula One driver is experiencing. Cave diving is a very dangerous underwater activity. Divers climb down into deep caves that have got water in them. They dive into water and swim through the caves. The caves are very dark, and the divers wear a strong light on their heads. Sometimes the light breaks, so they carry two extra lights with them. They swim carefully, because they can’t get out of the caves easily if they have an accident.

Read the text and decide if the statements are true, false or not stated in it. Presents for the Family London, one of the most interesting cities in the world, is big and noisy and full of people. It’s a historical city, a theatrical city and a working city. London is also a fashionable city — a place where you can enjoy shopping. I often take my eight-year-old niece June to Regent Street in the West End of London. There you can find small shops and big stores. One of the stores is Hamleys, June’s favourite. Hamleys has seven floors. Here you can buy everything from pencils to PlayStations. In fact, Hamleys is one of the largest toy stores in Europe. June thinks shopping at Hamleys is lots of fun. Here she forgets everything — me, the time, the people around. June is a nice hard-working girl but when she comes to Hamleys, she stops being her usual self. June spends hours choosing presents. She tells me what she would like to have for her birthday, for Easter and for Christmas. I like giving her presents but I think it’s rather selfish and greedy of her. So I ask her, “What about your elder sister? And what about your brother? What shall we buy for them?” And we begin choosing presents for the whole family.

Read the text and decide if the statement is true, false or not stated. Write the correct answer in the line. Presents for the Family London, one of the most interesting cities in the world, is big and noisy and full of people. It’s a historical city, a theatrical city and a working city. London is also a fashionable city — a place where you can enjoy shopping. I often take my eight-year-old niece June to Regent Street in the West End of London. There you can find small shops and big stores. One of the stores is Hamleys, June’s favourite. Hamleys has seven floors. Here you can buy everything from pencils to PlayStations. In fact, Hamleys is one of the largest toy stores in Europe. June thinks shopping at Hamleys is lots of fun. Here she forgets everything — me, the time, the people around. June is a nice hard-working girl but when she comes to Hamleys, she stops being her usual self. June spends hours choosing presents. She tells me what she would like to have for her birthday, for Easter and for Christmas. I like giving her presents but I think it’s rather selfish and greedy of her. So I ask her, “What about your elder sister? And what about your brother? What shall we buy for them?” And we begin choosing presents for the whole family. June’ s favourite holidays are Easter and Christmas.

Choose the correct answer. "At one o’clock, I was having lunch," said Molly. Molly said she ………………….. lunch at one o’clock.

Choose the correct answer. "You’ll get wet without an umbrella," Dad said. Dad said I ………………….. wet without an umbrella.

Choose the correct answer. "You must give me your essays," Mrs Vine said. Mrs Vine said we ………………….. give her our essays.

Read the text and decide if the statements are T (true), F (false), or NS (not stated). It was at 10 am on 12th April, 1961 when Radio Moscow interrupted scheduled broadcasting to announce something truly historic and magnificent. “Here is our special news,” it stated. “The first cosmic spaceship named Vostok 1 with a man on board has orbited around the Earth from the Soviet Union. He is an airman, Yuri Gagarin.” An hour earlier the spacecraft Vostok 1, with Yuri Gagarin as its only crew, was fired from a launch pad in Baikonur in Kazakhstan. It orbited the Earth once at a speed of 27,000 kilometres per hour for a total duration of 108 minutes. The ship’s flight path took it up to space and over the Pacific Ocean, South America, across the equator, and the South Atlantic before re-entering the Earth’s atmosphere. The news quickly spread, and the world was astonished. The Soviet Union was the first to get the man into space and Yuri Gagarin had become that man. He opened up a new page in the history of mankind in its conquest of space. Yuri Gagarin became a national hero and an international icon. Today, in Moscow there is a 25-metre tall sculpture of a silver metallic rocket ship and a three-meter tall statue of Yuri Gagarin. The space hero has not been forgotten and on the 50th anniversary of his voyage into space world cosmonauts honoured the hero when the Russian, American, and Italian crew of the International Space Station sent a special video message to wish the people of the world a “Happy Yuri’s Night”.

Read the text and decide if the statements below are true, false or not stated.

Complete the sentence with the correct word. The .......... composed by Shakespeare titled "Sonnet 18" has been called the most famous love poem of all time.

Complete the sentence with the correct word. William Shakespeare was a famous .......... who wrote plays like "Hamlet" and "Romeo and Juliet".

Complete the sentence with the correct word. The main character in the story seeks .......... for the death of his father.

Complete the sentence with the correct word. They've been the victims of a rather cruel .......... .

Choose the correct answer. "At one o’clock, I was having lunch," said Molly. Molly said she .......... lunch at one o’clock.

Choose the correct answer. "You’ll get wet without an umbrella," Dad said. Dad said I .......... wet without an umbrella.

Choose the correct answer. "He can juggle five balls!" said Angie. Angie said he .......... five balls.

Choose the correct answer. "You must give me your essays," Mrs Vine said. Mrs Vine said we .......... give her our essays.

“I visited my parents at the weekend,” she told me. She told me that she .......... her parents at the weekend.

Read the text and decide if the statements are true, false, or not stated.

Read the text and decide if the statement below the text is True/False or Not Stated. The rise of fake news In December 2016 Edgar M. Welch drove six hours from his home to Washington DC, where he opened fire in a pizzeria with an assault rifle. He had previously read an online news story about the restaurant being the headquarters of a group of child abusers run by Hillary Clinton. He decided to investigate for himself; fortunately, no one was hurt. The story about Hillary Clinton is one of the most famous examples of the growing phenomenon dubbed ‘fake news’. The conspiracy theory about the pizzeria began to appear on websites and social networks in late October, before the US election. This was quickly denounced by publications such as The New York Times and The Washington Post. However, many people thought that these papers were themselves lying for political ends and instead of disappearing, the fake story snowballed. Followers from ‘Representative Steven Smith of the 15th District of Georgia’ claimed that the mainstream media were telling falsehoods. Even though both this name and district were invented, the message was re-tweeted many times. Fake news stories can be hard to control for several reasons. Many people mistrust established news sources and others just don’t read them, so the debunking of a fake story by a serious newspaper or TV channel has limited effect. In addition, the internet is very hard to police. When users are caught misusing one media platform, they simply go to another one or start up a website themselves. There are also various reasons why people create fake news. Some have political motives, to belittle or incriminate their opponents. Other websites, like The Onion, deliberately publish fake news as satire – humorous comment on society and current affairs. Another group is in it for the profit: many people clicking on entertaining fake news stories can bring in a lot of advertising revenue. One man running fake news sites from Los Angeles said he was making up to US$ 30,000 a month in this way. There are also those, like the small-town teenagers in Macedonia who wrote fake news stories about the president, who seem to be motivated partly by money and partly by boredom. So, what can we do to stop fake news spreading? First, make sure that the websites you read are legitimate, for example by looking carefully at the domain name and the About Us section. Check the sources of any quotes or figures given in the story. Remember that amazing stories about famous people will be covered by the mainstream media if they are true. Only share stories you know are true and let your friends know, tactfully, when they unknowingly share fake news. Together we can turn around the post-truth world! Edgar M. Welch lived in Boston.

Read the text and decide if the statement below the text is True/False or Not Stated. The rise of fake news In December 2016 Edgar M. Welch drove six hours from his home to Washington DC, where he opened fire in a pizzeria with an assault rifle. He had previously read an online news story about the restaurant being the headquarters of a group of child abusers run by Hillary Clinton. He decided to investigate for himself; fortunately, no one was hurt. The story about Hillary Clinton is one of the most famous examples of the growing phenomenon dubbed ‘fake news’. The conspiracy theory about the pizzeria began to appear on websites and social networks in late October, before the US election. This was quickly denounced by publications such as The New York Times and The Washington Post. However, many people thought that these papers were themselves lying for political ends and instead of disappearing, the fake story snowballed. Followers from ‘Representative Steven Smith of the 15th District of Georgia’ claimed that the mainstream media were telling falsehoods. Even though both this name and district were invented, the message was re-tweeted many times. Fake news stories can be hard to control for several reasons. Many people mistrust established news sources and others just don’t read them, so the debunking of a fake story by a serious newspaper or TV channel has limited effect. In addition, the internet is very hard to police. When users are caught misusing one media platform, they simply go to another one or start up a website themselves. There are also various reasons why people create fake news. Some have political motives, to belittle or incriminate their opponents. Other websites, like The Onion, deliberately publish fake news as satire – humorous comment on society and current affairs. Another group is in it for the profit: many people clicking on entertaining fake news stories can bring in a lot of advertising revenue. One man running fake news sites from Los Angeles said he was making up to US$ 30,000 a month in this way. There are also those, like the small-town teenagers in Macedonia who wrote fake news stories about the president, who seem to be motivated partly by money and partly by boredom. So, what can we do to stop fake news spreading? First, make sure that the websites you read are legitimate, for example by looking carefully at the domain name and the About Us section. Check the sources of any quotes or figures given in the story. Remember that amazing stories about famous people will be covered by the mainstream media if they are true. Only share stories you know are true and let your friends know, tactfully, when they unknowingly share fake news. Together we can turn around the post-truth world! The story about Hillary Clinton was called 'fake news'.

Read the text and decide if the statement below the text is True/False or Not Stated. The rise of fake news In December 2016 Edgar M. Welch drove six hours from his home to Washington DC, where he opened fire in a pizzeria with an assault rifle. He had previously read an online news story about the restaurant being the headquarters of a group of child abusers run by Hillary Clinton. He decided to investigate for himself; fortunately, no one was hurt. The story about Hillary Clinton is one of the most famous examples of the growing phenomenon dubbed ‘fake news’. The conspiracy theory about the pizzeria began to appear on websites and social networks in late October, before the US election. This was quickly denounced by publications such as The New York Times and The Washington Post. However, many people thought that these papers were themselves lying for political ends and instead of disappearing, the fake story snowballed. Followers from ‘Representative Steven Smith of the 15th District of Georgia’ claimed that the mainstream media were telling falsehoods. Even though both this name and district were invented, the message was re-tweeted many times. Fake news stories can be hard to control for several reasons. Many people mistrust established news sources and others just don’t read them, so the debunking of a fake story by a serious newspaper or TV channel has limited effect. In addition, the internet is very hard to police. When users are caught misusing one media platform, they simply go to another one or start up a website themselves. There are also various reasons why people create fake news. Some have political motives, to belittle or incriminate their opponents. Other websites, like The Onion, deliberately publish fake news as satire – humorous comment on society and current affairs. Another group is in it for the profit: many people clicking on entertaining fake news stories can bring in a lot of advertising revenue. One man running fake news sites from Los Angeles said he was making up to US$ 30,000 a month in this way. There are also those, like the small-town teenagers in Macedonia who wrote fake news stories about the president, who seem to be motivated partly by money and partly by boredom. So, what can we do to stop fake news spreading? First, make sure that the websites you read are legitimate, for example by looking carefully at the domain name and the About Us section. Check the sources of any quotes or figures given in the story. Remember that amazing stories about famous people will be covered by the mainstream media if they are true. Only share stories you know are true and let your friends know, tactfully, when they unknowingly share fake news. Together we can turn around the post-truth world! The message about falsehoods was spotted only once.

Read the text and decide if the statement below the text is True/False or Not Stated. The rise of fake news In December 2016 Edgar M. Welch drove six hours from his home to Washington DC, where he opened fire in a pizzeria with an assault rifle. He had previously read an online news story about the restaurant being the headquarters of a group of child abusers run by Hillary Clinton. He decided to investigate for himself; fortunately, no one was hurt. The story about Hillary Clinton is one of the most famous examples of the growing phenomenon dubbed ‘fake news’. The conspiracy theory about the pizzeria began to appear on websites and social networks in late October, before the US election. This was quickly denounced by publications such as The New York Times and The Washington Post. However, many people thought that these papers were themselves lying for political ends and instead of disappearing, the fake story snowballed. Followers from ‘Representative Steven Smith of the 15th District of Georgia’ claimed that the mainstream media were telling falsehoods. Even though both this name and district were invented, the message was re-tweeted many times. Fake news stories can be hard to control for several reasons. Many people mistrust established news sources and others just don’t read them, so the debunking of a fake story by a serious newspaper or TV channel has limited effect. In addition, the internet is very hard to police. When users are caught misusing one media platform, they simply go to another one or start up a website themselves. There are also various reasons why people create fake news. Some have political motives, to belittle or incriminate their opponents. Other websites, like The Onion, deliberately publish fake news as satire – humorous comment on society and current affairs. Another group is in it for the profit: many people clicking on entertaining fake news stories can bring in a lot of advertising revenue. One man running fake news sites from Los Angeles said he was making up to US$ 30,000 a month in this way. There are also those, like the small-town teenagers in Macedonia who wrote fake news stories about the president, who seem to be motivated partly by money and partly by boredom. So, what can we do to stop fake news spreading? First, make sure that the websites you read are legitimate, for example by looking carefully at the domain name and the About Us section. Check the sources of any quotes or figures given in the story. Remember that amazing stories about famous people will be covered by the mainstream media if they are true. Only share stories you know are true and let your friends know, tactfully, when they unknowingly share fake news. Together we can turn around the post-truth world! It's hardly possible to control fake news as well as the Internet.

Read the text and decide if the statement below the text is True/False or Not Stated. The rise of fake news In December 2016 Edgar M. Welch drove six hours from his home to Washington DC, where he opened fire in a pizzeria with an assault rifle. He had previously read an online news story about the restaurant being the headquarters of a group of child abusers run by Hillary Clinton. He decided to investigate for himself; fortunately, no one was hurt. The story about Hillary Clinton is one of the most famous examples of the growing phenomenon dubbed ‘fake news’. The conspiracy theory about the pizzeria began to appear on websites and social networks in late October, before the US election. This was quickly denounced by publications such as The New York Times and The Washington Post. However, many people thought that these papers were themselves lying for political ends and instead of disappearing, the fake story snowballed. Followers from ‘Representative Steven Smith of the 15th District of Georgia’ claimed that the mainstream media were telling falsehoods. Even though both this name and district were invented, the message was re-tweeted many times. Fake news stories can be hard to control for several reasons. Many people mistrust established news sources and others just don’t read them, so the debunking of a fake story by a serious newspaper or TV channel has limited effect. In addition, the internet is very hard to police. When users are caught misusing one media platform, they simply go to another one or start up a website themselves. There are also various reasons why people create fake news. Some have political motives, to belittle or incriminate their opponents. Other websites, like The Onion, deliberately publish fake news as satire – humorous comment on society and current affairs. Another group is in it for the profit: many people clicking on entertaining fake news stories can bring in a lot of advertising revenue. One man running fake news sites from Los Angeles said he was making up to US$ 30,000 a month in this way. There are also those, like the small-town teenagers in Macedonia who wrote fake news stories about the president, who seem to be motivated partly by money and partly by boredom. So, what can we do to stop fake news spreading? First, make sure that the websites you read are legitimate, for example by looking carefully at the domain name and the About Us section. Check the sources of any quotes or figures given in the story. Remember that amazing stories about famous people will be covered by the mainstream media if they are true. Only share stories you know are true and let your friends know, tactfully, when they unknowingly share fake news. Together we can turn around the post-truth world! People create fake news to entertain their readers.

Read the text and decide if the statements are TRUE, FALSE or NOT STATED. Alton Towers Resort is a theme park in Staffordshire, England. It is situated near the village of Alton. There is a theme park, water park, spa and a hotel complex. Alton Towers opened to the public in 1860. The park has many attractions. The Monorail system transports guests from the resort hotels and car parks to the theme park entrance. Alton Towers is the second most visited theme parks in Britain. Around three million people visit it every year.