Read and listen to the text and match the headings to the paragraphs. There is one you do not need to use.
ПОЛУЧИТЬ ОТВЕТ Recycling ... It starts with YOU! As the saying goes, there is strength in numbers! So how about getting together with your neighbours and starting a community recycling programme? You could set up bottle, paper, plastic, aluminium and clothing recycling banks and take turns to take everything to a local recycling point. In this way, your community will be helping to save limited raw materials. You will also help preserve landfill space and reduce the greenhouse gases that they produce. Bin it, don't drop it ! Have you ever considered how time-consuming it is for local councils to remove litter from our streets? Or how much money it wastes that could be better spent on other services? Organise a litter collection day in your neighbourhood. Get some bin bags and see who can fill the most! Once a few of you take action, others will quickly join in! Get growing! Sick and tired of living in a concrete jungle? Flowers, plants and trees make our communities more welcoming places to live in. They also improve air quality by filtering out pollutants and creating places for small animals and insects to live in. So, organise teams and get planting in your neighbourhood today! Ask your local council for permission to plant trees and flowers along roadsides. Don't forget, every little bit helps!
Complete each sentence with one of the following verbs.
Match the the reasons for a healthy lifestyle with the activities. Think of some more examples.
Look through the linkers, choose one of the offered topics, talk on the topic using the linking words. 1. Linkers for giving your opinion and discussing things. I think.......... As I see it............... If you ask me ........ I guess........... My view is that...... I'd say that ............. I suppose .......... My opinion is that ........... From my point of view ..... I feel............. The point is that ............. In my opinion........ 2. Linkers to agree or disagree with somebody (something): You agree You are not sure You disagree Just so. Yes, but..... On the contrary! I quite agree so. On the other hand. Certainly not. Certainly. I'm afraid I don't agree. Don't be so silly! Sure. I don't think you are right. Just the other way round. Exactly. I can't agree with you there. I should think so. I'm not so sure. That's just what I was thinking. 3. Linkers for giving examples: especially such as for example 4. Linkers for contrasting ideas: despite however despite although on the one hand in spite of but on the other hand nevertheless 5. Linkers for adding points: also firstly moreover secondly 6. Linkers for concluding: all things considered, as a result of this to sum it up Topics for discussion: 1. English is a very easy language to learn. 2. Every pupil should learn Latin or Greek at school. 3. Ten lessons a day is just right for students. 4. School holidays should be far longer than they are. 5.Every student should wear a uniform. 6. Reading books is enjoyable. 7. The use of wild animals in circuses and zoos should be banned
Read the text "The National Costume Museum". Welcome to the Russian National Costume Museum. We hope you will enjoy your tour with us today. We will see a variety of national costumes that come from all regions of Russia. If you follow me, we will go to our first exhibit...This is an example of an 18th century peasant shirt kosovorotka a very popular item of clothing that could be worn every day and on special occasions, at home and at work. Men wore shirts to their knees and women wore them to their ankles. The next thing is a sarafan from the 18th century. The sarafan was either the sleeveless dress or a high skirt with stripes. Girls and young women wore it. The exhibit on your left is the most common type of festive headdress, the kokoshnik. The materials used to decorate the headdress were gold, pearl and decorative stones. Kokoshniks were very expensive and would be handed down from generation to generation. Please, walk this way. What you see before you now are porti. These men’s trousers are made of rough linen. Next to them is a long woolen skirt called poneva which dates from the 19th and early 20th century. The poneva was worn by married women. In winter both men and women wore sheepskin overcoats, usually with fur on the inside, called polushubok. If you look down to your right, you will see some bast shoes, lapti, which were worn over homespun onuchi - narrow strips of cotton wrapped around the lower leg - and valenki - felt shoes some peasants also had leather footwear: koty for women and leather boots for men. Now, let us continue by looking at some nobles' costumes ...
Read the text and put + AND - in the correct place Charles Dickens can be considered to be the first celebrity author in the world. He had become popular by the age 25 and he was treated just like rock stars and movie stars are treated today. Everywhere he went, there were crowds 0f people cheering him, shaking hands, and asking for his autograph. His fans in the US even cut bits of fur from his coat for souvenirs. He was so famous that when he died at the age of 58 he was buried at Westminster Abbey. A great novelist, short story writer, journalist, he was also an editor - and a father of 10 children! Dickens’s life was much like that of his many characters, a rag-to-riches story. Born in Portsmouth on the 7th of February, 1812, he was the second of eight children. When he was 10 years old his family moved to London. But there were serious money problems and his father went to prison for debt. His family later joined him. It was common in those days for the family of a debtor to live with him in prison. Charles was taken out of school and sent to work in a blackening factory where he put labels on bottles of shoe polish. He worked long hours for very little money and lived away from his family, alone in London. Charles never forgot this. Even as a famous and successful adult, he carried a deep memory of the grief, humiliation and hopelessness he had felt. Later he went to school again, and left it at 15 to become a reporter. His genius for describing comical characters and his anger about social injustice were soon noticed. In 1836, he began The Pickwick Papers. The book was so popular that by the age of 25 Charles was the most popular novelist in both Britain and America. Charles Dickens’ novels were funny and exciting, but they had a very serious message. He described the hard life of poor people and attacked injustice, hypocrisy and other social ills of Victorian England. He often wrote about real people and real events. His stories were so powerful that Parliament sometimes passed laws to change things for the better. For example, after publishing Nicholas Nickleby, some of the cruel boarding schools in England were closed down. London was Dickens’ muse. Throughout his life, he both loved and hated the city. When he was a boy, it filled him with horror and wonder. As a man, he regularly walked ten to twenty miles across the city, working out his plots. The city always inspired him, and when he was away from it he often found it difficult to work. He called it his ‘magic lantern’, and never failed to spark his imagination. Dickens is read and remembered today for the unique characters he created. Oliver Twist, David Copperfield, Uriah Heep, Ebenezer Scrooge, and many, many more live in our memories as real people. When Dickens created his characters, he often ran to the mirror and acted their movements and facial expressions. Probably that’s why they are so memorable. One his most famous characters is Scrooge from A Christmas Carol. Today, this name is part of the English language: we often call a mean person a ‘scrooge’. Dickens is as popular today as he was during his lifetime. To mark his birthday, there are celebrations all over the English-speaking world – performances, exhibitions, festivals and even parades!
For questions 1-6, choose the correct answer (1, 2, 3 or 4). It’s difficult not to suspect that Eram is just putting on a brave face. It’s hard to believe she’s truly satisfied with this way of life. Once a week, she travels to 25 London to pick up a cheque for £60 from a charity. “The cash goes nowhere,” she says. “Buying food at the airport is expensive. I don’t eat anything at breakfast because, if I do, it makes me feel more hungry.“ Living in Heathrow isn’t easy for Eram. Besides being awakened by the jangle of coins as a passenger buys something from the machine, loud announcements and 30 bustling passengers, she has to engage in a full-time cat-and-mouse game with the police and security staff. It’s illegal to sleep at Heathrow unless you have a flight to catch, so along with the rest of Heathrow’s homeless population, Eram has to wash and change her clothes every morning in order to not stand out from the crowd and be detected. If she is, she faces a night 35 in the cold bus terminal or worse, being thrown out into the rain. “The builders who work overnight at the airport are very kind and don’t report the homeless to the authorities,” she says. “The cleaners turn a blind eye turn a blind eye too.” 3. What does the writer find unconvincing about Eram?
For questions 1-6, choose the correct answer (1, 2, 3 or 4). t’s difficult not to suspect that Eram is just putting on a brave face. It’s hard to believe she’s truly satisfied with this way of life. Once a week, she travels to 25 London to pick up a cheque for £60 from a charity. “The cash goes nowhere,” she says. “Buying food at the airport is expensive. I don’t eat anything at breakfast 20 because, if I do, it makes me feel more hungry.“ Living in Heathrow isn’t easy for Eram. Besides being awakened by the jangle of coins as a passenger buys something from the machine, loud announcements and 30 bustling passengers, she has to engage in a full-time cat-and-mouse game with the police and security staff. It’s illegal to sleep at Heathrow unless you have a flight to catch, so along with the rest of Heathrow’s homeless population, Eram has to wash and change her clothes every morning in order to not stand out from the crowd and be detected. If she is, she faces a night 35 in the cold bus terminal or worse, being thrown out into the rain. “The builders who work overnight at the airport are very kind and don’t report the homeless to the authorities,” she says. “The cleaners turn a blind eye too.” Night workers aren’t the only ones trying to help this unusual group of people. Broadway, a homeless charity, visits the airport weekly to offer the 40 airport’s homeless temporary accommodation, help to get travel documents for migrant workers and attempts to reconnect people with their families. But, as a Broadway worker points out, “Homelessness is a way of life. It can be very difficult to convince people to receive help.” Like the passengers escaping to sunny holiday destinations, many of Heathrow’s homeless are 45 also in search of escape from debts, legal problems or family responsibilities. 4. What is meant by ‘just putting on a brave face’ in line 24?
Match the the reasons for a healthy lifestyle with the activities. Think of some more examples.
FILL THE GAPS WITH THE CORRECT PHRASAL VERB IN THE NECESSARY TENSE
This is an ideal ________________ to save money on a holiday.
to be crowded________
to be interested___________________
to believe____________
They don’t ____________ students to chew gum in the classroom.
It is the _____________in that country for women to marry young.
to be/get tired__________
Many would jump at the _____________ to live in New York.
Match.
My nephew was_________________ by the clown.
Please. ___________ me buy you some cheese fries.
to be afraid____________
Fireworks have been an American ________ on the Fourth of July.
She has a _________ of finishing off other people's sentences.
The stories say that people can turn _____ animals.
You can't ________________ him go if he doesn't want to.
They won 5-0 in front of over 30,000 cheering _____________.
Can you turn_______ your music please, Sam? I can't hear the TV.
A ___________ had gathered to hear her speak.
She looked very _________ when I told her we had to change the plan.
A crowd of _______________ had gathered at the scene of the accident.
Millions of ________ watch The Eurovision Song Contest every year.
Don't forget to turn_________the lights when you the leave the house.
As she waited to go into the exam, he squeezed her hand and wished her good ____________.
I thought her new idea was absolutely ________________.
Matt turned ________the job because he found a better one.
to be pleased___________
the reason________________
I was really_____________ when I fell over in the street.
The journey was _____________! Twelve hours by bus.
Fran turned_________at the party at about 9 pm.
The secret to public speaking is to get the ________________ on your side.
My nephew was ____ by the clown.
The journey was ___! Twelve hours by bus.
She looked very ___ when I told her we had to change the plan.
Complete the sentences using the verbs in the third column in the correct gerund or infinitive form. Write the answers with CAPITAL LETTERS in the second column.
Complete the sentence. In spite of these changes, classic Fish & Chips shops can disappear in a few years for another reason – lack of fish. For ten years the European agriculture ministers ... As a result of industrial fishing, some types of fish are disappearing now. Overfishing in the North Sea has reached crisis levels.
Fill in: employees, interns, duties, vacancies, profession, experienced, trained, full-time, part-time, presence, deadline, candidates, client, position. Two words are extra.
Read and complete the sentence with the correct part. Laying out these clear ground rules will prevent you from being taken advantage of and overworked, and will also help your potential employer understand your needs. Apart from being rewarding in many ways (though not in the financial one), volunteering is often envisaged as an important part of social and personal maturing. No wonder that there are so many volunteers among young people in many countries of the world. According to the author, people mostly become interested in volunteering because it is ...
Read the text. For questions 1-5 choose the correct answer.
Read the texts about famous people and try to find answers to the questions. When Helen Keller was 19 months old, she was a happy and healthy child. She was saying a few words. Then she had a high fever which caused her to become deaf and blind. No longer could she see nor hear. She felt lost. She would hang on to her mother’s skirt to get around. She would feel of people’s hands to try to find out what they doing. She learnt to do many things this way. She learnt to milk a cow and knead the bread dough. She could recognize people by feeling of their faces or their clothes. She made up signs with her hands so she could talk to her family. She had 60 different signs. Sacagawea was an Indian girl. She belonged to the Shoshones Indians. Her name means “bird woman”. One day she was caught by some Minnetaree warriors and became their servant girl. She learned many things from the Minnetarees – even their language. She was later sold to a Frenchman. Later she joined Lewis and Clark on their journey across America to find the way to the Pacific Ocean. He was the first black man to move into the White House in Washington DC. He was born on Hawaii to a white mother and a black father. His father was from Kenya and when he had finished his studies in the USA he moved back to Kenya. Barack Obama later moved to Indonesia with his mother and new husband. It was baseball and not basketball that was the love of this youngster! Michael Jordan was born in Brooklyn in New York and grew up in a family with five children. He played catch in the yard with his dad but wanted to be like his brother Larry, who played basketball. He managed to play in the NBA for years. This guy dedicated his whole life to the service of the motherland, and service of humanity. He is known in every single country of the world because of his ideas. As a child he was not very brave. He was mortally afraid of the dark, of ghosts and spirits, and also of snakes and scorpions. His name? Well, Gandhi! This guy is famous because he found something he wasn’t looking for! He wanted to find India but found the New World. Christopher Columbus was born in Genoa in Italy in 1451. His family was poor and thus he didn’t receive much education. Instead, he went to sea. Stratford Upon Avon was home to this famous poet and writer. William Shakespeare came to write many plays which are still read and performed today. One famous play is Romeo and Juliet. Michael Joseph Jackson was born in 1958 in Indiana. He was one of ten children in an African-American working class family. They lived in a small three-room house. He had a troubled relationship with his father who often whipped him as a child. In spite – or maybe because of this troubled childhood he developed into a great business, entertainer and artist. He is known as the King of Pop.
Match the heading to the short text. This may have developed after a very scary experience. A teenager who was bitten by a dog as a young child, for example, can be too afraid to walk to school with his friends in case he sees a dog now. This is because his brain has remembered the fear that he or she felt when the dog bit him or her, so now even just thinking about seeing a dog triggers the same fear reaction. This may embarrass him or her, causing him or her to miss out on spending time with his friends or even to be teased by them.
Match the the reasons for a healthy lifestyle with the activities. Think of some more examples.
Match the headings to the correct texts.
Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition.
Match the beginnings (1-5) to the endings (A-E).
Read the text and choose the best answer to the question. Black Friday The day after Thanksgiving is the start of the holiday shopping season. Thanksgiving is always on a Thursday, so the day after is a Friday. This day has come to be known as Black Friday. It has been the busiest shopping day of the year since 2005. Most stores offer great deals on Black Friday. They open their doors in the wee hours of the morning. They try to attract shoppers with big discounts. Some items like TVs are much cheaper than usual. Stores may even lose money on these items. They hope that shoppers will buy gifts for other people while they are in the store. Black Friday is a great time to get good deals. The problem is that there are not enough low-priced items to go around. Each store may only have a few. These items are in high demand. People stand in long lines to get such great deals. They may line up hours before a store opens. They may be hoping to get a low price on a TV or laptop, but not everyone who wants one will get one. Some people leave disappointed. The situation can be tense. Some Black Friday events have been violent. Large, eager crowds have trampled workers. Fights have broken out over toys or people cutting in line. People have shot one another over parking spots. But most Black Friday events are safe and fun. Still, if you plan on going, expect large crowds. So where does the name "Black Friday" come from? It was first used in Philadelphia in the 1950s. The police called this day Black Friday because of the heavy traffic it drew. In the 1960s, stores tried to rename the day "Big Friday." It did not stick. The name "Black Friday" continued to spread across the country. It seems that it is here to stay. Now people all over the country take part in the event known as Black Friday. It is even spreading to other parts of the world. Stores have held Black Friday events in the U.K., Australia, and Brazil since 2012. In Costa Rica, Black Friday is known as "Viernes Negro." And in Mexico, stores offer an annual weekend of discounts. They call it "El Buen Fin," which means "the good weekend" in Spanish. I guess the language of savings is universal. Where does the name "Black Friday" come from?
Read the text and choose the best answer to the question. Black Friday The day after Thanksgiving is the start of the holiday shopping season. Thanksgiving is always on a Thursday, so the day after is a Friday. This day has come to be known as Black Friday. It has been the busiest shopping day of the year since 2005. Most stores offer great deals on Black Friday. They open their doors in the wee hours of the morning. They try to attract shoppers with big discounts. Some items like TVs are much cheaper than usual. Stores may even lose money on these items. They hope that shoppers will buy gifts for other people while they are in the store. Black Friday is a great time to get good deals. The problem is that there are not enough low-priced items to go around. Each store may only have a few. These items are in high demand. People stand in long lines to get such great deals. They may line up hours before a store opens. They may be hoping to get a low price on a TV or laptop, but not everyone who wants one will get one. Some people leave disappointed. The situation can be tense. Some Black Friday events have been violent. Large, eager crowds have trampled workers. Fights have broken out over toys or people cutting in line. People have shot one another over parking spots. But most Black Friday events are safe and fun. Still, if you plan on going, expect large crowds. So, where does the name "Black Friday" come from? It was first used in Philadelphia in the 1950s. The police called this day Black Friday because of the heavy traffic it drew. In the 1960s, stores tried to rename the day "Big Friday." It did not stick. The name "Black Friday" continued to spread across the country. It seems that it is here to stay. Now people all over the country take part in the event known as Black Friday. It is even spreading to other parts of the world. Stores have held Black Friday events in the U.K., Australia, and Brazil since 2012. In Costa Rica, Black Friday is known as "Viernes Negro." And in Mexico, stores offer an annual weekend of discounts. They call it "El Buen Fin," which means "the good weekend" in Spanish. I guess the language of savings is universal. According to the text, why do stores set prices so low on some items that they lose money?
Read the text and choose the best answer to the question. Black Friday The day after Thanksgiving is the start of the holiday shopping season. Thanksgiving is always on a Thursday, so the day after is a Friday. This day has come to be known as Black Friday. It has been the busiest shopping day of the year since 2005. Most stores offer great deals on Black Friday. They open their doors in the wee hours of the morning. They try to attract shoppers with big discounts. Some items like TVs are much cheaper than usual. Stores may even lose money on these items. They hope that shoppers will buy gifts for other people while they are in the store. Black Friday is a great time to get good deals. The problem is that there are not enough low-priced items to go around. Each store may only have a few. These items are in high demand. People stand in long lines to get such great deals. They may line up hours before a store opens. They may be hoping to get a low price on a TV or laptop, but not everyone who wants one will get one. Some people leave disappointed. The situation can be tense. Some Black Friday events have been violent. Large, eager crowds have trampled workers. Fights have broken out over toys or people cutting in line. People have shot one another over parking spots. But most Black Friday events are safe and fun. Still, if you plan on going, expect large crowds. So, where does the name "Black Friday" come from? It was first used in Philadelphia in the 1950s. The police called this day Black Friday because of the heavy traffic it drew. In the 1960s, stores tried to rename the day "Big Friday." It did not stick. The name "Black Friday" continued to spread across the country. It seems that it is here to stay. Now people all over the country take part in the event known as Black Friday. It is even spreading to other parts of the world. Stores have held Black Friday events in the U.K., Australia, and Brazil since 2012. In Costa Rica, Black Friday is known as "Viernes Negro." And in Mexico, stores offer an annual weekend of discounts. They call it "El Buen Fin," which means "the good weekend" in Spanish. I guess the language of savings is universal Which country does not participate in Black Friday?
Read the text and choose the best answer to the question. Black Friday The day after Thanksgiving is the start of the holiday shopping season. Thanksgiving is always on a Thursday, so the day after is a Friday. This day has come to be known as Black Friday. It has been the busiest shopping day of the year since 2005. Most stores offer great deals on Black Friday. They open their doors in the wee hours of the morning. They try to attract shoppers with big discounts. Some items like TVs are much cheaper than usual. Stores may even lose money on these items. They hope that shoppers will buy gifts for other people while they are in the store. Black Friday is a great time to get good deals. The problem is that there are not enough low-priced items to go around. Each store may only have a few. These items are in high demand. People stand in long lines to get such great deals. They may line up hours before a store opens. They may be hoping to get a low price on a TV or laptop, but not everyone who wants one will get one. Some people leave disappointed. The situation can be tense. Some Black Friday events have been violent. Large, eager crowds have trampled workers. Fights have broken out over toys or people cutting in line. People have shot one another over parking spots. But most Black Friday events are safe and fun. Still, if you plan on going, expect large crowds. So, where does the name "Black Friday" come from? It was first used in Philadelphia in the 1950s. The police called this day Black Friday because of the heavy traffic it drew. In the 1960s, stores tried to rename the day "Big Friday." It did not stick. The name "Black Friday" continued to spread across the country. It seems that it is here to stay. Now people all over the country take part in the event known as Black Friday. It is even spreading to other parts of the world. Stores have held Black Friday events in the U.K., Australia, and Brazil since 2012. In Costa Rica, Black Friday is known as "Viernes Negro." And in Mexico, stores offer an annual weekend of discounts. They call it "El Buen Fin," which means "the good weekend" in Spanish. I guess the language of savings is universal Which is not true about Black Friday?
Read the text and choose the best answer to the question. Black Friday The day after Thanksgiving is the start of the holiday shopping season. Thanksgiving is always on a Thursday, so the day after is a Friday. This day has come to be known as Black Friday. It has been the busiest shopping day of the year since 2005. Most stores offer great deals on Black Friday. They open their doors in the wee hours of the morning. They try to attract shoppers with big discounts. Some items like TVs are much cheaper than usual. Stores may even lose money on these items. They hope that shoppers will buy gifts for other people while they are in the store. Black Friday is a great time to get good deals. The problem is that there are not enough low-priced items to go around. Each store may only have a few. These items are in high demand. People stand in long lines to get such great deals. They may line up hours before a store opens. They may be hoping to get a low price on a TV or laptop, but not everyone who wants one will get one. Some people leave disappointed. The situation can be tense. Some Black Friday events have been violent. Large, eager crowds have trampled workers. Fights have broken out over toys or people cutting in line. People have shot one another over parking spots. But most Black Friday events are safe and fun. Still, if you plan on going, expect large crowds. So, where does the name "Black Friday" come from? It was first used in Philadelphia in the 1950s. The police called this day Black Friday because of the heavy traffic it drew. In the 1960s, stores tried to rename the day "Big Friday." It did not stick. The name "Black Friday" continued to spread across the country. It seems that it is here to stay. Now people all over the country take part in the event known as Black Friday. It is even spreading to other parts of the world. Stores have held Black Friday events in the U.K., Australia, and Brazil since 2012. In Costa Rica, Black Friday is known as "Viernes Negro." And in Mexico, stores offer an annual weekend of discounts. They call it "El Buen Fin," which means "the good weekend" in Spanish. I guess the language of savings is universal Which best explains the main idea of the third paragraph?
Read the text and choose the best answer to the question. Black Friday The day after Thanksgiving is the start of the holiday shopping season. Thanksgiving is always on a Thursday, so the day after is a Friday. This day has come to be known as Black Friday. It has been the busiest shopping day of the year since 2005. Most stores offer great deals on Black Friday. They open their doors in the wee hours of the morning. They try to attract shoppers with big discounts. Some items like TVs are much cheaper than usual. Stores may even lose money on these items. They hope that shoppers will buy gifts for other people while they are in the store. Black Friday is a great time to get good deals. The problem is that there are not enough low-priced items to go around. Each store may only have a few. These items are in high demand. People stand in long lines to get such great deals. They may line up hours before a store opens. They may be hoping to get a low price on a TV or laptop, but not everyone who wants one will get one. Some people leave disappointed. The situation can be tense. Some Black Friday events have been violent. Large, eager crowds have trampled workers. Fights have broken out over toys or people cutting in line. People have shot one another over parking spots. But most Black Friday events are safe and fun. Still, if you plan on going, expect large crowds. So, where does the name "Black Friday" come from? It was first used in Philadelphia in the 1950s. The police called this day Black Friday because of the heavy traffic it drew. In the 1960s, stores tried to rename the day "Big Friday." It did not stick. The name "Black Friday" continued to spread across the country. It seems that it is here to stay. Now people all over the country take part in the event known as Black Friday. It is even spreading to other parts of the world. Stores have held Black Friday events in the U.K., Australia, and Brazil since 2012. In Costa Rica, Black Friday is known as "Viernes Negro." And in Mexico, stores offer an annual weekend of discounts. They call it "El Buen Fin," which means "the good weekend" in Spanish. I guess the language of savings is universal Which happened first?
Read the text and choose the best answer to the question. Black Friday The day after Thanksgiving is the start of the holiday shopping season. Thanksgiving is always on a Thursday, so the day after is a Friday. This day has come to be known as Black Friday. It has been the busiest shopping day of the year since 2005. Most stores offer great deals on Black Friday. They open their doors in the wee hours of the morning. They try to attract shoppers with big discounts. Some items like TVs are much cheaper than usual. Stores may even lose money on these items. They hope that shoppers will buy gifts for other people while they are in the store. Black Friday is a great time to get good deals. The problem is that there are not enough low-priced items to go around. Each store may only have a few. These items are in high demand. People stand in long lines to get such great deals. They may line up hours before a store opens. They may be hoping to get a low price on a TV or laptop, but not everyone who wants one will get one. Some people leave disappointed. The situation can be tense. Some Black Friday events have been violent. Large, eager crowds have trampled workers. Fights have broken out over toys or people cutting in line. People have shot one another over parking spots. But most Black Friday events are safe and fun. Still, if you plan on going, expect large crowds. So, where does the name "Black Friday" come from? It was first used in Philadelphia in the 1950s. The police called this day Black Friday because of the heavy traffic it drew. In the 1960s, stores tried to rename the day "Big Friday." It did not stick. The name "Black Friday" continued to spread across the country. It seems that it is here to stay. Now people all over the country take part in the event known as Black Friday. It is even spreading to other parts of the world. Stores have held Black Friday events in the U.K., Australia, and Brazil since 2012. In Costa Rica, Black Friday is known as "Viernes Negro." And in Mexico, stores offer an annual weekend of discounts. They call it "El Buen Fin," which means "the good weekend" in Spanish. I guess the language of savings is universal Which best describes the overall structure of the fifth paragraph?
Read the text and choose the best answer to the question. Black Friday The day after Thanksgiving is the start of the holiday shopping season. Thanksgiving is always on a Thursday, so the day after is a Friday. This day has come to be known as Black Friday. It has been the busiest shopping day of the year since 2005. Most stores offer great deals on Black Friday. They open their doors in the wee hours of the morning. They try to attract shoppers with big discounts. Some items like TVs are much cheaper than usual. Stores may even lose money on these items. They hope that shoppers will buy gifts for other people while they are in the store. Black Friday is a great time to get good deals. The problem is that there are not enough low-priced items to go around. Each store may only have a few. These items are in high demand. People stand in long lines to get such great deals. They may line up hours before a store opens. They may be hoping to get a low price on a TV or laptop, but not everyone who wants one will get one. Some people leave disappointed. The situation can be tense. Some Black Friday events have been violent. Large, eager crowds have trampled workers. Fights have broken out over toys or people cutting in line. People have shot one another over parking spots. But most Black Friday events are safe and fun. Still, if you plan on going, expect large crowds. So, where does the name "Black Friday" come from? It was first used in Philadelphia in the 1950s. The police called this day Black Friday because of the heavy traffic it drew. In the 1960s, stores tried to rename the day "Big Friday." It did not stick. The name "Black Friday" continued to spread across the country. It seems that it is here to stay. Now people all over the country take part in the event known as Black Friday. It is even spreading to other parts of the world. Stores have held Black Friday events in the U.K., Australia, and Brazil since 2012. In Costa Rica, Black Friday is known as "Viernes Negro." And in Mexico, stores offer an annual weekend of discounts. They call it "El Buen Fin," which means "the good weekend" in Spanish. I guess the language of savings is universal Which was not mentioned as one of the downsides of Black Friday?
Read the text and choose the best answer to the question. Black Friday The day after Thanksgiving is the start of the holiday shopping season. Thanksgiving is always on a Thursday, so the day after is a Friday. This day has come to be known as Black Friday. It has been the busiest shopping day of the year since 2005. Most stores offer great deals on Black Friday. They open their doors in the wee hours of the morning. They try to attract shoppers with big discounts. Some items like TVs are much cheaper than usual. Stores may even lose money on these items. They hope that shoppers will buy gifts for other people while they are in the store. Black Friday is a great time to get good deals. The problem is that there are not enough low-priced items to go around. Each store may only have a few. These items are in high demand. People stand in long lines to get such great deals. They may line up hours before a store opens. They may be hoping to get a low price on a TV or laptop, but not everyone who wants one will get one. Some people leave disappointed. The situation can be tense. Some Black Friday events have been violent. Large, eager crowds have trampled workers. Fights have broken out over toys or people cutting in line. People have shot one another over parking spots. But most Black Friday events are safe and fun. Still, if you plan on going, expect large crowds. So, where does the name "Black Friday" come from? It was first used in Philadelphia in the 1950s. The police called this day Black Friday because of the heavy traffic it drew. In the 1960s, stores tried to rename the day "Big Friday." It did not stick. The name "Black Friday" continued to spread across the country. It seems that it is here to stay. Now people all over the country take part in the event known as Black Friday. It is even spreading to other parts of the world. Stores have held Black Friday events in the U.K., Australia, and Brazil since 2012. In Costa Rica, Black Friday is known as "Viernes Negro." And in Mexico, stores offer an annual weekend of discounts. They call it "El Buen Fin," which means "the good weekend" in Spanish. I guess the language of savings is universal Which best explains why Costa Ricans call Black Friday "Viernes Negro"?
Read the text and choose the best answer to the question. Black Friday The day after Thanksgiving is the start of the holiday shopping season. Thanksgiving is always on a Thursday, so the day after is a Friday. This day has come to be known as Black Friday. It has been the busiest shopping day of the year since 2005. Most stores offer great deals on Black Friday. They open their doors in the wee hours of the morning. They try to attract shoppers with big discounts. Some items like TVs are much cheaper than usual. Stores may even lose money on these items. They hope that shoppers will buy gifts for other people while they are in the store. Black Friday is a great time to get good deals. The problem is that there are not enough low-priced items to go around. Each store may only have a few. These items are in high demand. People stand in long lines to get such great deals. They may line up hours before a store opens. They may be hoping to get a low price on a TV or laptop, but not everyone who wants one will get one. Some people leave disappointed. The situation can be tense. Some Black Friday events have been violent. Large, eager crowds have trampled workers. Fights have broken out over toys or people cutting in line. People have shot one another over parking spots. But most Black Friday events are safe and fun. Still, if you plan on going, expect large crowds. So, where does the name "Black Friday" come from? It was first used in Philadelphia in the 1950s. The police called this day Black Friday because of the heavy traffic it drew. In the 1960s, stores tried to rename the day "Big Friday." It did not stick. The name "Black Friday" continued to spread across the country. It seems that it is here to stay. Now people all over the country take part in the event known as Black Friday. It is even spreading to other parts of the world. Stores have held Black Friday events in the U.K., Australia, and Brazil since 2012. In Costa Rica, Black Friday is known as "Viernes Negro." And in Mexico, stores offer an annual weekend of discounts. They call it "El Buen Fin," which means "the good weekend" in Spanish. I guess the language of savings is universal Which title best expresses the author's purpose in writing this text?
Read the text and choose the best answer to the question. Most of us learn at least one foreign language at school. But sadly many people drop it after that and possibly never take it up again. But why? According to the research, there are many reasons (or excuses) that people have for dropping a language or not taking one up. Most commonly, many people say they don’t have enough time or that they don’t have enough money. The other main reason mentioned by many people is lack of motivation. I have to say I recognize this! When you start learning a new language it’s really exciting. ‘I can say “dog” in French!’, ‘I can say “hello” in Italian!’ But then when you get to memorizing long lists of verbs, tenses and grammar, your enthusiasm often starts to disappear. You have to put quite a lot of time and effort into learning a language properly, and often, life gets in the way, and the latest episode of “The Game of Thrones” seems more interesting than another round of German adjective endings. If this is the case, I feel your pain! But there are ways to boost your motivation and get back into learning. Try breaking up your language learning into a small chunk each day: ten minutes of using a language app or program; reading a newspaper article or language book on the train or listening to a short podcast. Make learning fun by listening to music or podcasts, watching videos or films, reading books or magazines or using fun language games. Don’t put too much pressure on yourself to master perfect grammar – just enjoy it. Find people to chat to and impress yourself with how much you can say already. Try thinking about what your motivation for taking up a language could be: a holiday to a fantastic new country, moving abroad for work, finding new friends, talking to someone you know in their language, understanding the culture of a certain country (be it Japanese anime, French cinema or German heavy metal). Somehow half an hour of practising verbs and vocabulary seems much more attractive when you picture yourself using your newly-learned phrases abroad. Finally, another common reason that I can definitely identify with is feeling embarrassed when speaking another language. But in most cases, even if you make a silly mistake, you can just laugh it off and carry on. It might take a little time to gain confidence when speaking, but the best way to do this is simply to try it, make mistakes, realize it doesn’t matter and carry on. If you’re quite shy, try finding another learner to practise with, doing a language exchange with someone who is learning your language (so you’re in the same boat) and practising with friends before you actually go to the country. Is the following statement true, false or there is no information about it in the text? A lot of people feel ashamed while speaking a foreign language because of the mistakes they make.
Read the text and choose the best answer to the question. Most of us learn at least one foreign language at school. But sadly many people drop it after that and possibly never take it up again. But why? According to the research, there are many reasons (or excuses) that people have for dropping a language or not taking one up. Most commonly, many people say they don’t have enough time or that they don’t have enough money. The other main reason mentioned by many people is lack of motivation. I have to say I recognize this! When you start learning a new language it’s really exciting. ‘I can say “dog” in French!’, ‘I can say “hello” in Italian!’ But then when you get to memorizing long lists of verbs, tenses and grammar, your enthusiasm often starts to disappear. You have to put quite a lot of time and effort into learning a language properly, and often, life gets in the way, and the latest episode of “The Game of Thrones” seems more interesting than another round of German adjective endings. If this is the case, I feel your pain! But there are ways to boost your motivation and get back into learning. Try breaking up your language learning into a small chunk each day: ten minutes of using a language app or program; reading a newspaper article or language book on the train or listening to a short podcast. Make learning fun by listening to music or podcasts, watching videos or films, reading books or magazines or using fun language games. Don’t put too much pressure on yourself to master perfect grammar – just enjoy it. Find people to chat to and impress yourself with how much you can say already. Try thinking about what your motivation for taking up a language could be: a holiday to a fantastic new country, moving abroad for work, finding new friends, talking to someone you know in their language, understanding the culture of a certain country (be it Japanese anime, French cinema or German heavy metal). Somehow half an hour of practising verbs and vocabulary seems much more attractive when you picture yourself using your newly-learned phrases abroad. Finally, another common reason that I can definitely identify with is feeling embarrassed when speaking another language. But in most cases, even if you make a silly mistake, you can just laugh it off and carry on. It might take a little time to gain confidence when speaking, but the best way to do this is simply to try it, make mistakes, realize it doesn’t matter and carry on. If you’re quite shy, try finding another learner to practise with, doing a language exchange with someone who is learning your language (so you’re in the same boat) and practising with friends before you actually go to the country. Is the following statement true, false or there is no information about it in the text? The phrase “you’re in the same boat” means that you live in the same country.
Read the text and choose the best answer to the question. Most of us learn at least one foreign language at school. But sadly many people drop it after that and possibly never take it up again. But why? According to the research, there are many reasons (or excuses) that people have for dropping a language or not taking one up. Most commonly, many people say they don’t have enough time or that they don’t have enough money. The other main reason mentioned by many people is lack of motivation. I have to say I recognize this! When you start learning a new language it’s really exciting. ‘I can say “dog” in French!’, ‘I can say “hello” in Italian!’ But then when you get to memorizing long lists of verbs, tenses and grammar, your enthusiasm often starts to disappear. You have to put quite a lot of time and effort into learning a language properly, and often, life gets in the way, and the latest episode of “The Game of Thrones” seems more interesting than another round of German adjective endings. If this is the case, I feel your pain! But there are ways to boost your motivation and get back into learning. Try breaking up your language learning into a small chunk each day: ten minutes of using a language app or program; reading a newspaper article or language book on the train or listening to a short podcast. Make learning fun by listening to music or podcasts, watching videos or films, reading books or magazines or using fun language games. Don’t put too much pressure on yourself to master perfect grammar – just enjoy it. Find people to chat to and impress yourself with how much you can say already. Try thinking about what your motivation for taking up a language could be: a holiday to a fantastic new country, moving abroad for work, finding new friends, talking to someone you know in their language, understanding the culture of a certain country (be it Japanese anime, French cinema or German heavy metal). Somehow half an hour of practising verbs and vocabulary seems much more attractive when you picture yourself using your newly-learned phrases abroad. Finally, another common reason that I can definitely identify with is feeling embarrassed when speaking another language. But in most cases, even if you make a silly mistake, you can just laugh it off and carry on. It might take a little time to gain confidence when speaking, but the best way to do this is simply to try it, make mistakes, realize it doesn’t matter and carry on. If you’re quite shy, try finding another learner to practise with, doing a language exchange with someone who is learning your language (so you’re in the same boat) and practising with friends before you actually go to the country. Is the following statement true, false or there is no information about it in the text? The author suggests singing practice to boost language skills.
Read the text and choose the best answer to the question. Most of us learn at least one foreign language at school. But sadly many people drop it after that and possibly never take it up again. But why? According to the research, there are many reasons (or excuses) that people have for dropping a language or not taking one up. Most commonly, many people say they don’t have enough time or that they don’t have enough money. The other main reason mentioned by many people is lack of motivation. I have to say I recognize this! When you start learning a new language it’s really exciting. ‘I can say “dog” in French!’, ‘I can say “hello” in Italian!’ But then when you get to memorizing long lists of verbs, tenses and grammar, your enthusiasm often starts to disappear. You have to put quite a lot of time and effort into learning a language properly, and often, life gets in the way, and the latest episode of “The Game of Thrones” seems more interesting than another round of German adjective endings. If this is the case, I feel your pain! But there are ways to boost your motivation and get back into learning. Try breaking up your language learning into a small chunk each day: ten minutes of using a language app or program; reading a newspaper article or language book on the train or listening to a short podcast. Make learning fun by listening to music or podcasts, watching videos or films, reading books or magazines or using fun language games. Don’t put too much pressure on yourself to master perfect grammar – just enjoy it. Find people to chat to and impress yourself with how much you can say already. Try thinking about what your motivation for taking up a language could be: a holiday to a fantastic new country, moving abroad for work, finding new friends, talking to someone you know in their language, understanding the culture of a certain country (be it Japanese anime, French cinema or German heavy metal). Somehow half an hour of practising verbs and vocabulary seems much more attractive when you picture yourself using your newly-learned phrases abroad. Finally, another common reason that I can definitely identify with is feeling embarrassed when speaking another language. But in most cases, even if you make a silly mistake, you can just laugh it off and carry on. It might take a little time to gain confidence when speaking, but the best way to do this is simply to try it, make mistakes, realize it doesn’t matter and carry on. If you’re quite shy, try finding another learner to practise with, doing a language exchange with someone who is learning your language (so you’re in the same boat) and practising with friends before you actually go to the country. Is the following statement true, false or there is no information about it in the text? The author recommends his readers to use their imagination to keep the motivation.
Read the text and choose the best answer to the question. Most of us learn at least one foreign language at school. But sadly many people drop it after that and possibly never take it up again. But why? According to the research, there are many reasons (or excuses) that people have for dropping a language or not taking one up. Most commonly, many people say they don’t have enough time or that they don’t have enough money. The other main reason mentioned by many people is lack of motivation. I have to say I recognize this! When you start learning a new language it’s really exciting. ‘I can say “dog” in French!’, ‘I can say “hello” in Italian!’ But then when you get to memorizing long lists of verbs, tenses and grammar, your enthusiasm often starts to disappear. You have to put quite a lot of time and effort into learning a language properly, and often, life gets in the way, and the latest episode of “The Game of Thrones” seems more interesting than another round of German adjective endings. If this is the case, I feel your pain! But there are ways to boost your motivation and get back into learning. Try breaking up your language learning into a small chunk each day: ten minutes of using a language app or program; reading a newspaper article or language book on the train or listening to a short podcast. Make learning fun by listening to music or podcasts, watching videos or films, reading books or magazines or using fun language games. Don’t put too much pressure on yourself to master perfect grammar – just enjoy it. Find people to chat to and impress yourself with how much you can say already. Try thinking about what your motivation for taking up a language could be: a holiday to a fantastic new country, moving abroad for work, finding new friends, talking to someone you know in their language, understanding the culture of a certain country (be it Japanese anime, French cinema or German heavy metal). Somehow half an hour of practising verbs and vocabulary seems much more attractive when you picture yourself using your newly-learned phrases abroad. Finally, another common reason that I can definitely identify with is feeling embarrassed when speaking another language. But in most cases, even if you make a silly mistake, you can just laugh it off and carry on. It might take a little time to gain confidence when speaking, but the best way to do this is simply to try it, make mistakes, realize it doesn’t matter and carry on. If you’re quite shy, try finding another learner to practise with, doing a language exchange with someone who is learning your language (so you’re in the same boat) and practising with friends before you actually go to the country. Is the following statement true, false or there is no information about it in the text? The phrase “you’re in the same boat” means that you have the same problems and feelings.
Read the text and choose the best answer to the question. Most of us learn at least one foreign language at school. But sadly many people drop it after that and possibly never take it up again. But why? According to the research, there are many reasons (or excuses) that people have for dropping a language or not taking one up. Most commonly, many people say they don’t have enough time or that they don’t have enough money. The other main reason mentioned by many people is lack of motivation. I have to say I recognize this! When you start learning a new language it’s really exciting. ‘I can say “dog” in French!’, ‘I can say “hello” in Italian!’ But then when you get to memorizing long lists of verbs, tenses and grammar, your enthusiasm often starts to disappear. You have to put quite a lot of time and effort into learning a language properly, and often, life gets in the way, and the latest episode of “The Game of Thrones” seems more interesting than another round of German adjective endings. If this is the case, I feel your pain! But there are ways to boost your motivation and get back into learning. Try breaking up your language learning into a small chunk each day: ten minutes of using a language app or program; reading a newspaper article or language book on the train or listening to a short podcast. Make learning fun by listening to music or podcasts, watching videos or films, reading books or magazines or using fun language games. Don’t put too much pressure on yourself to master perfect grammar – just enjoy it. Find people to chat to and impress yourself with how much you can say already. Try thinking about what your motivation for taking up a language could be: a holiday to a fantastic new country, moving abroad for work, finding new friends, talking to someone you know in their language, understanding the culture of a certain country (be it Japanese anime, French cinema or German heavy metal). Somehow half an hour of practising verbs and vocabulary seems much more attractive when you picture yourself using your newly-learned phrases abroad. Finally, another common reason that I can definitely identify with is feeling embarrassed when speaking another language. But in most cases, even if you make a silly mistake, you can just laugh it off and carry on. It might take a little time to gain confidence when speaking, but the best way to do this is simply to try it, make mistakes, realize it doesn’t matter and carry on. If you’re quite shy, try finding another learner to practise with, doing a language exchange with someone who is learning your language (so you’re in the same boat) and practising with friends before you actually go to the country. Is the following statement true, false or there is no information about it in the text? The phrase “you’re in the same boat” means that you learn the same language.
Read the text and choose the best answer to the question. Most of us learn at least one foreign language at school. But sadly many people drop it after that and possibly never take it up again. But why? According to the research, there are many reasons (or excuses) that people have for dropping a language or not taking one up. Most commonly, many people say they don’t have enough time or that they don’t have enough money. The other main reason mentioned by many people is lack of motivation. I have to say I recognize this! When you start learning a new language it’s really exciting. ‘I can say “dog” in French!’, ‘I can say “hello” in Italian!’ But then when you get to memorizing long lists of verbs, tenses and grammar, your enthusiasm often starts to disappear. You have to put quite a lot of time and effort into learning a language properly, and often, life gets in the way, and the latest episode of “The Game of Thrones” seems more interesting than another round of German adjective endings. If this is the case, I feel your pain! But there are ways to boost your motivation and get back into learning. Try breaking up your language learning into a small chunk each day: ten minutes of using a language app or program; reading a newspaper article or language book on the train or listening to a short podcast. Make learning fun by listening to music or podcasts, watching videos or films, reading books or magazines or using fun language games. Don’t put too much pressure on yourself to master perfect grammar – just enjoy it. Find people to chat to and impress yourself with how much you can say already. Try thinking about what your motivation for taking up a language could be: a holiday to a fantastic new country, moving abroad for work, finding new friends, talking to someone you know in their language, understanding the culture of a certain country (be it Japanese anime, French cinema or German heavy metal). Somehow half an hour of practising verbs and vocabulary seems much more attractive when you picture yourself using your newly-learned phrases abroad. Finally, another common reason that I can definitely identify with is feeling embarrassed when speaking another language. But in most cases, even if you make a silly mistake, you can just laugh it off and carry on. It might take a little time to gain confidence when speaking, but the best way to do this is simply to try it, make mistakes, realize it doesn’t matter and carry on. If you’re quite shy, try finding another learner to practise with, doing a language exchange with someone who is learning your language (so you’re in the same boat) and practising with friends before you actually go to the country. Is the following statement true, false or there is no information about it in the text? The author sympathizes with the people who read his blog.
Read the text and choose the best answer to the question. Most of us learn at least one foreign language at school. But sadly many people drop it after that and possibly never take it up again. But why? According to the research, there are many reasons (or excuses) that people have for dropping a language or not taking one up. Most commonly, many people say they don’t have enough time or that they don’t have enough money. The other main reason mentioned by many people is lack of motivation. I have to say I recognize this! When you start learning a new language it’s really exciting. ‘I can say “dog” in French!’, ‘I can say “hello” in Italian!’ But then when you get to memorizing long lists of verbs, tenses and grammar, your enthusiasm often starts to disappear. You have to put quite a lot of time and effort into learning a language properly, and often, life gets in the way, and the latest episode of “The Game of Thrones” seems more interesting than another round of German adjective endings. If this is the case, I feel your pain! But there are ways to boost your motivation and get back into learning. Try breaking up your language learning into a small chunk each day: ten minutes of using a language app or program; reading a newspaper article or language book on the train or listening to a short podcast. Make learning fun by listening to music or podcasts, watching videos or films, reading books or magazines or using fun language games. Don’t put too much pressure on yourself to master perfect grammar – just enjoy it. Find people to chat to and impress yourself with how much you can say already. Try thinking about what your motivation for taking up a language could be: a holiday to a fantastic new country, moving abroad for work, finding new friends, talking to someone you know in their language, understanding the culture of a certain country (be it Japanese anime, French cinema or German heavy metal). Somehow half an hour of practising verbs and vocabulary seems much more attractive when you picture yourself using your newly-learned phrases abroad. Finally, another common reason that I can definitely identify with is feeling embarrassed when speaking another language. But in most cases, even if you make a silly mistake, you can just laugh it off and carry on. It might take a little time to gain confidence when speaking, but the best way to do this is simply to try it, make mistakes, realize it doesn’t matter and carry on. If you’re quite shy, try finding another learner to practise with, doing a language exchange with someone who is learning your language (so you’re in the same boat) and practising with friends before you actually go to the country. Is the following statement true, false or there is no information about it in the text? The author advises his readers to put quite a lot of time into language learning regularly.
Read the text and choose the best answer to the question. Most of us learn at least one foreign language at school. But sadly many people drop it after that and possibly never take it up again. But why? According to the research, there are many reasons (or excuses) that people have for dropping a language or not taking one up. Most commonly, many people say they don’t have enough time or that they don’t have enough money. The other main reason mentioned by many people is lack of motivation. I have to say I recognize this! When you start learning a new language it’s really exciting. ‘I can say “dog” in French!’, ‘I can say “hello” in Italian!’ But then when you get to memorizing long lists of verbs, tenses and grammar, your enthusiasm often starts to disappear. You have to put quite a lot of time and effort into learning a language properly, and often, life gets in the way, and the latest episode of “The Game of Thrones” seems more interesting than another round of German adjective endings. If this is the case, I feel your pain! But there are ways to boost your motivation and get back into learning. Try breaking up your language learning into a small chunk each day: ten minutes of using a language app or program; reading a newspaper article or language book on the train or listening to a short podcast. Make learning fun by listening to music or podcasts, watching videos or films, reading books or magazines or using fun language games. Don’t put too much pressure on yourself to master perfect grammar – just enjoy it. Find people to chat to and impress yourself with how much you can say already. Try thinking about what your motivation for taking up a language could be: a holiday to a fantastic new country, moving abroad for work, finding new friends, talking to someone you know in their language, understanding the culture of a certain country (be it Japanese anime, French cinema or German heavy metal). Somehow half an hour of practising verbs and vocabulary seems much more attractive when you picture yourself using your newly-learned phrases abroad. Finally, another common reason that I can definitely identify with is feeling embarrassed when speaking another language. But in most cases, even if you make a silly mistake, you can just laugh it off and carry on. It might take a little time to gain confidence when speaking, but the best way to do this is simply to try it, make mistakes, realize it doesn’t matter and carry on. If you’re quite shy, try finding another learner to practise with, doing a language exchange with someone who is learning your language (so you’re in the same boat) and practising with friends before you actually go to the country. Is the following statement true, false or there is no information about it in the text? The author advises his readers first to learn grammar to perfection before starting to communicate.
Fill in: for, of, with or in. Don't be afraid _____ this horse!
Fill in: for, of, with or in. Do you believe _____ fairies?
Fill in: for, of, with or in. Does she believe _____ God?
Fill in: for, of, with or in. That was the reason _____ telling her.
Fill in: for, of, with or in. A lot of people believe _____ reincarnation.
Read the text and choose the correct answer to the question. For 14 years the Sports Medicine Centre of Lyon (France) has been studying the injuries of young sports players and sports professionals. The study has established that the best course is prevention and good shoes. 18% of sports players aged 8 to 12 already have heel injuries. The cartilage of a footballer's ankle does not respond well to shocks, and 25% of professionals have discovered for themselves that it is an especially weak point. The cartilage of the delicate knee joint can also be irreparably damaged and if care is not taken right from childhood (10–12 years of age), this can cause premature osteoarthritis. The hip does not escape damage either and, particularly when tired, players run the risk of fractures as a result of falls or collisions. According to the study, footballers who have been playing for more than ten years have bony outgrowths either on the tibia or on the heel. This is what is known as ‘footballer’s foot’, a deformity caused by shoes with soles and ankle pants that are too flexible. If a shoe is too rigid, it restricts movement. If it is too flexible, it increases the risk of injuries and sprains. A good sports shoe should meet four criteria. Firstly, it must provide exterior protection: resisting knocks from the ball or another player, coping with unevenness in the ground, and keeping the foot warm and dry even when it is freezing cold and raining. It must support the foot and in particular, the ankle joint, to avoid sprains, swelling, and other problems, which may even affect the knee. It must also provide players with good stability so that they do not slip on the wet ground or skid on a surface that is too dry. Finally, it must absorb shocks, especially those suffered by volleyball and basketball players who are constantly jumping. Dry feet to avoid minor but painful conditions such as blisters or even splits or athlete’s foot (fungal infections), the shoe must allow evaporation of perspiration and must prevent outside dampness from getting in. The ideal material for this is leather, which can be water-proofed to prevent the shoe from getting soaked the first time it rains. What does the author intend to show in this text?
Fill in:
Fill in the gaps with the correct words.
Read the text. The USA is famous for its skyscrapers that appear in most big cities and huge shopping malls. Americans love shopping there. The Mall of America, or MOA, in Minnesota with over 520 shops is the biggest mall in the USA. About 40 million people from many countries visit it every year. You can find everything there from accessories and books to electronics, toys, and travel agents. When you get tired of shopping, you can eat in two big food courts. 20 fast-food restaurants serve a variety of dishes and snacks. After that, you can watch a film in a 14-screen cinema, visit a dinosaur museum, and have fun at the indoor amusement park. There is even an aquarium with over 4,500 sea creatures including sharks! MOA has got something for everyone! Divide the statements into two groups.
Read the text. The USA is famous for its skyscrapers that appear in most big cities and huge shopping malls. Americans love shopping there. The Mall of America, or MOA, in Minnesota with over 520 shops is the biggest mall in the USA. About 40 million people from many countries visit it every year. You can find everything there from accessories and books to electronics, toys, and travel agents. When you get tired of shopping, you can eat in two big food courts. 20 fast-food restaurants serve a variety of dishes and snacks. After that, you can watch a film in a 14-screen cinema, visit a dinosaur museum, and have fun at the indoor amusement park with roller coasters. There is even an aquarium with over 4,500 sea creatures including sharks! MOA has got something for everyone! Choose the correct answer: What mammals can you see in the Mall of America?
Read the text. The USA is famous for its skyscrapers that appear in most big cities and huge shopping malls. Americans love shopping there. The Mall of America, or MOA, in Minnesota with over 520 shops is the biggest mall in the USA. About 40 million people from many countries visit it every year. You can find everything there from accessories and books to electronics, toys, and travel agents. When you get tired of shopping, you can eat in two big food courts. 20 fast-food restaurants serve a variety of dishes and snacks. After that, you can watch a film in a 14-screen cinema, visit a dinosaur museum, and have fun at the indoor amusement park with roller coasters. There is even an aquarium with over 4,500 sea creatures including sharks! MOA has got something for everyone! Choose the correct answer: What can you do in the Mall of America?
Read the text. The USA is famous for its skyscrapers that appear in most big cities and huge shopping malls. Americans love shopping there. The Mall of America, or MOA, in Minnesota with over 520 shops is the biggest mall in the USA. About 40 million people from many countries visit it every year. You can find everything there from accessories and books to electronics, toys, and travel agents. When you get tired of shopping, you can eat in two big food courts. 20 fast-food restaurants serve a variety of dishes and snacks. After that, you can watch a film in a 14-screen cinema, visit a dinosaur museum, and have fun at the indoor amusement park with roller coasters. There is even an aquarium with over 4,500 sea creatures including sharks! MOA has got something for everyone! Choose the correct answers to the questions.
Read the text. The USA is famous for its skyscrapers that appear in most big cities and huge shopping malls. Americans love shopping there. The Mall of America, or MOA, in Minnesota with over 520 shops is the biggest mall in the USA. About 40 million people from many countries visit it every year. You can find everything there from accessories and books to electronics, toys, and travel agents. When you get tired of shopping, you can eat in two big food courts. 20 fast-food restaurants serve a variety of dishes and snacks. After that, you can watch a film in a 14-screen cinema, visit a dinosaur museum, and have fun at the indoor amusement park with roller coasters. There is even an aquarium with over 4,500 sea creatures including sharks! MOA has got something for everyone! Where can you order various snacks and dishes?
Read the text. The USA is famous for its skyscrapers that appear in most big cities and huge shopping malls. Americans love shopping there. The Mall of America, or MOA, in Minnesota with over 520 shops is the biggest mall in the USA. About 40 million people from many countries visit it every year. You can find everything there from accessories and books to electronics, toys, and travel agents. When you get tired of shopping, you can eat in two big food courts. 20 fast-food restaurants serve a variety of dishes and snacks. After that, you can watch a film in a 14-screen cinema, visit a dinosaur museum, and have fun at the indoor amusement park with roller coasters. There is even an aquarium with over 4,500 sea creatures including sharks! MOA has got something for everyone! Where do a lot of marine animals live?
Read the text. The USA is famous for its skyscrapers that appear in most big cities and huge shopping malls. Americans love shopping there. The Mall of America, or MOA, in Minnesota with over 520 shops is the biggest mall in the USA. About 40 million people from many countries visit it every year. You can find everything there from accessories and books to electronics, toys, and travel agents. When you get tired of shopping, you can eat in two big food courts. 20 fast-food restaurants serve a variety of dishes and snacks. After that, you can watch a film in a 14-screen cinema, visit a dinosaur museum, and have fun at the indoor amusement park with roller coasters. There is even an aquarium with over 4,500 sea creatures including sharks! MOA has got something for everyone! Where is the Mall of America situated?
Read the text. The USA is famous for its skyscrapers that appear in most big cities and huge shopping malls. Americans love shopping there. The Mall of America, or MOA, in Minnesota with over 520 shops is the biggest mall in the USA. About 40 million people from many countries visit it every year. You can find everything there from accessories and books to electronics, toys, and travel agents. When you get tired of shopping, you can eat in two big food courts. 20 fast-food restaurants serve a variety of dishes and snacks. After that, you can watch a film in a 14-screen cinema, visit a dinosaur museum, and have fun at the indoor amusement park with roller coasters. There is even an aquarium with over 4,500 sea creatures including sharks! MOA has got something for everyone! Complete the sentences.
Read the text. The USA is famous for its skyscrapers that appear in most big cities and huge shopping malls. Americans love shopping there. The Mall of America, or MOA, in Minnesota with over 520 shops is the biggest mall in the USA. About 40 million people from many countries visit it every year. You can find everything there from accessories and books to electronics, toys, and travel agents. When you get tired of shopping, you can eat in two big food courts. 20 fast-food restaurants serve a variety of dishes and snacks. After that, you can watch a film in a 14-screen cinema, visit a dinosaur museum, and have fun at the indoor amusement park with roller coasters. There is even an aquarium with over 4,500 sea creatures including sharks! MOA has got something for everyone. Complete the phrases.
Six sentences have been removed from the text below. From the sentences (A-F), choose the one which fits each gap (1-7). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.
Read the text and choose the correct answers. Online Fame Surely blogging or vlogging must be one of the easiest ways of finding fame and fortune? All you need is a computer and a hobby to talk about, don’t you? Well, although it looks simple, being a success in the blogosphere is actually a lot more difficult than it seems. Kate Ross has been advising brands on how to work with bloggers and vloggers, and believes that if you start a blog or vlog just to earn money, it isn’t going to work. Kate says you need to be passionate about your topic and you need to provide your readers or viewers with interesting content. If you don’t, your vlog or blog isn’t going to get positive feedback and attract subscribers. You also need to be aware that cash isn’t going to come rolling in overnight. Seventeen-year-old Rosie Bea, who has a YouTube fashion channel, says her blog only started attracting the attention of advertisers after she had put in months and months of unpaid work and built up a big fan base. Rosie was also combining her vlog work with her law studies, and she advises vloggers in the same position to make sure that they plan carefully so that they have time to do both things properly. So, while the tabloid press often talks about the instant success of young bloggers and vloggers, it isn’t really instant at all. The people who are successful have done well because they are hard-working and passionate about what they do, and it is this dedication and passion that attracts subscribers and advertisers to them. The press is only interested in them once they are in the public eye, but they have achieved their celebrity status through hours and hours of hard work.
Complete the gaps A - F with the missing parts. There is one extra part.
Read the text below and mark the facts as True or False. Russians call it the Mendeleev periodic table, while in other countries people drop the name of the Russian chemist Dmitry Mendeleev – the scientist who came up with the concept that atomic weights of elements largely predetermine their physical and chemical properties. In the anticipation of an anniversary of this discovery (1869-1870), we decided to find out more interesting facts from the director of the Joint Institute of Nuclear Research, who kindly agreed to answer our questions. Can you tell us about the history of this discovery and its importance nowadays? It’s amazing but Mendeleev based his classification on 63 elements only, of which just 48 had atomic weights precisely determined at that time. Others had not been studied thoroughly. His first table was put on a sheet of paper with some gaps for unknown elements and he corrected the atomic weights for the elements which he thought were incorrect. All the missing elements were discovered later and all the atomic weights he thought wrong proved to be as he predicted! Now we are working on discovering the 119th of the Mendeleev table and there seems to be no limit. One of the elements discovered recently is named after Mendeleev. Were there any attempts to classify elements before and after his discovery? Yes, just a few. The earliest was based on two large groups of acid-forming and base-forming elements. However, this broad classification proved inadequate. The second made a distinction between metals and non-metals. But it turned out to be inconsistent. The German chemist Lothar Meyer put forward similar proposals shortly after Mendeleev, but criticized Mendeleev’s predictions of incorrect atomic weights of some elements. Can the Mendeleev periodic table be regarded as a law of nature? No one can deny that. It has been verified many times decades after Mendeleev’s death in 1907. Now it’s as valuable as the work of Copernicus in astronomy or Einstein’s theory of relativity. Was Mendeleev nominated for a Nobel prize? Yes, three times – in 1905, 1906, 1907. Unfortunately, he failed to get a prize due to the long time that had passed since his discovery and the time when Nobel prizes were first introduced in 1901.
Read the text and choose the TRUE statements. A new survey from an internet-based market research company shows the things British people are most afraid of. Top of the list is heights. Over half of the people who took the survey said they had acrophobia – the medical name for the fear of heights. In second place was a fear of snakes, with 21 per cent of people saying they were "very afraid" of the slippery creatures. The third biggest fear was public speaking, with 20 per cent being "very afraid" and 36 per cent being "a little afraid" of speaking in public. Other things that frighten people most include spiders, mice, needles and injections, the sight of blood, flying, and being in small spaces. Number 10 on the list was coulrophobia – the fear of clowns. The market research company asked over 2,000 people what they were afraid of. They had to rate 13 common phobias from "not at all afraid" to "very afraid". The researchers found that there were big differences between what men and women were afraid of, and what frightened old and young people. The researchers said: "All are not created equal when it comes to fears." The survey showed that more women than men were afraid of things, especially spiders. These scare a third of men and about half of women. Age differences showed young people were more likely to be afraid of public speaking. Those in the older age groups were more likely than younger people to be afraid of heights.
Read the texts about some teen camps in Canada. Match the camp descriptions (1–5) to the teens’/parents’ feedbacks (A–E). 1. Safari Zoo Camp at Jungle Cat World Wildlife Park is the only residential programme of its kind in the world! Campers work with the zoo staff to care for the animals. Duties include feeding, watering, cleaning and socializing. Our mission is to protect and conserve the natural world by offering public wildlife education programmes with animals. We help teens to get the necessary knowledge, skills and confidence to live in an environmentally responsible way. 2. The Take Action Academy allows teens and youth to discover their leadership potential through interactive team-building activities, intensive and practical workshops, games, thought-provoking discussions and volunteer work in the local community. Please visit our website for additional locations. 3. Since 1966, Hockey Opportunity Camp has combined hockey skill development with a traditional overnight camp experience, located on Eagle Lake. A typical day combines “Best in Class” hockey training with two of our many skill-based activities including water skiing, mountain biking, sailing, archery, kayaking, etc. HOC is truly “THE ULTIMATE HOCKEY AND SUMMER CAMP EXPERIENCE”. 4. The Living Arts Centre offers fun, creative and safe programmes for children and teenagers. Campers explore the wonders of the visual and performing arts with practicing artist-educators in professional studios. An introduction to painting, drawing and sculpting, this very popular programme for beginning artists explores a variety of techniques and materials. Join us for one-of-a-kind art experiences! 5. SING! DANCE! ACT! The experienced and caring staff of our Drama School will introduce your kids to stage performance and guide them towards self-expression. Professional theatre educators expertly guide your child’s creative spirit using character and story development combined with movement and vocal skills: plays, monologues, mime, improvisation, theatre games, musical theatre. Performances every week! Fun for all––a great confidence-and-skill-building experience!
Read the dialogue and choose the correct answers. Front Desk: Hello. Thank you for calling Worldwide Hotels. How can I help you? Luke: Hi. I need to book a hotel for a business trip to Zurich. From April 10th to April 12th. Front Desk: So, you’ll need a room for three days and two nights. You’ll be leaving on April 12th, correct? Luke: Yes, that’s right. Front Desk: Would you like a single or a double? Luke: I’d like a single, please. And if possible not on the ground floor. I need silence to work with important papers for a business conference. Front Desk: That’s no problem. We have singles on the third and fourth floors. May I have your name, please? Luke: Luke Flanagan. How much is the room? Front Desk: 60 pounds per night. Luke: I see. Is breakfast included? Front Desk: It is. Our breakfast buffet offers a wide choice of hot specialties like homemade sausages, eggs, vegetable meals and more, including local cuisine. If you want, you may also have lunch and dinner in the hotel restaurant. You may get a 20% discount on these meals if you book in advance. Luke: No, breakfast will be enough. Can I pay by credit card? Front Desk: Sure. Your booking reference is 43219999. We’ll send the form by email to you. You can pay online. The room is reserved. We’ll see you on April 10th. The check-in time is 2pm. Luke: That’s fine. The plane arrives at 3:30pm. Thank you. Front Desk: Thank you. Please let us know if you need anything else.
Read the text and fill in the gaps with the right phrases.
Read the text and match. Alice Grows Again Suddenly, Alice heard footsteps. She looked up and saw the rabbit again. He was very worried. "Oh dear! Where are they?” he said. “The Duchess is going to be very angry! Where did I drop them?” “He’s looking for his fan and gloves,” thought Alice. She looked for them, too, but they were back in the room with the glass table, and she didn’t know where that was any more. Just then, the rabbit saw Alice. "Mary Ann!” he shouted. “Why are you here? Go home right now and find me a pair of gloves and a fan!” "He thinks I’m his maid!” thought Alice, but she was too scared to say anything. She ran away and soon saw a little house, with the name “W. RABBIT” on the door. She went inside and ran upstairs. In the tiny bedroom, she saw a table with a fan and some white gloves on it. There was also a tiny bottle. Alice picked it up. “I'm tired of being so small,” she thought. “I wonder what this drink does.” Alice drank the drink. “Oh! I’m growing again!” said Alice, as her head hit the ceiling. But this time, she grew even bigger. She sat on the floor, with one arm out of the and one foot up the chimney. She was very unhappy. "How can I get out of here now?” she thought. Just then, Alice heard the rabbit. "Mary Ann!" he shouted. “Where are my gloves and fan?" The rabbit ran up the stairs and tried to open the bedroom door. “Hmm!” said the rabbit. "There’s something inside. Never mind. I can go through the window. "The rabbit ran outside again and looked up at the window. “Pat! Bill!" he shouted. “What is that in the window?” “It’s an arm, sir!” said another voice. “Well, take it out of my window!” shouted the rabbit. Pat the guinea pig tried to get through the window, but Alice moved her arm and he fell down again. Then Bill the lizard tried to get down the chimney, but Alice moved her leg and he flew out again. Next, Pat and Bill threw- stones at Alice through the window. When the stones landed on the floor, they changed into little . Alice ate one of the cakes, and started to get smaller. "Wonderful!” she said. “I’m just the right size!” She put some cakes in her pocket and went downstairs. She ran out of the house, across the garden and into a wood.
Read the text and match True or False. It's not always easy to know how to be there for your friends. At first, try to understand a situation from your friend's point of view. Ask questions to get a sense of the problem or issue, but the main thing is to listen to them. You don't have to have all the answers, and don't assume that your friend wants advice - they might just want to talk so that they can work it out for themselves. If your friend has a medical or mental health issue, a good way to offer support is to learn about what they've been diagnosed with. Being interested in what they're going through shows you care, and that you plan to stick around no matter what's going on. Ask them what they need. If you're worried about someone and you want to be there for them, ask them what they need. You'll then know what they find helpful during tough times, and you can offer them support in a way that's genuinely helpful. Hugging your friends is a great way to show you care for them. Physical contact can be really comforting, especially when someone feels alone.
Read the text and mark the statements True (T) or False (F). Travelling 1. People travelling long distances frequently have to decide whether they would prefer to go by land, sea, or air. Hardly anyone can positively enjoy sitting on a train for more than a few hours. Train compartments soon get cramped and stuffy. It is almost impossible to take your mind off the journey. Reading is only a partial solution, for the monotonous rhythm of the wheels clicking on the rails soon lulls you to sleep. During the day, sleep comes in snatches. At night when you really wish to go to sleep, you rarely manage to do so. If you are lucky enough to get couchettes, you spend half the night staring at the small blue light in the ceiling or fumbling to find your passport when you cross a frontier. Inevitably you arrive at your destination almost exhausted. 2. Long car journeys are even less pleasant, for it is quite impossible even to read. On motorways you can at least travel fairly and safely at high speeds, but more often than not, the greater part of the journey is spent in narrow, bumpy roads which are crowded with traffic. By comparison, trips by sea offer a great variety of civilized comforts. You can stretch your legs on the spacious decks, play games, swim, meet interesting people and enjoy good food—always assuming of course, that the sea is calm. If it is not, and you are likely to get sea-sick, no form of transport could be worse. Even if you travel in ideal weather, sea-journeys take a long time. Relatively few people are prepared to sacrifice up to a third of their holidays for the pleasure of travelling on a ship. 3. Aeroplanes have the reputation of being dangerous and even hardened travellers are intimidated by them. They also have the grave disadvantage of being the most expensive form of transport. But nothing can match them for speed and comfort. Travelling at a height of 30,000 feet, far above the clouds, and at over 500 miles an hour is an exhilarating experience. You do not have to devise ways of taking your mind off the journey, for an aeroplane gets you to your destination rapidly. For a few hours, you settle back in a deep armchair to enjoy the flight. The real escapist can watch a free film show and sip a hot or cold drink on some services. But even when such refreshments are not available, there is plenty to keep you occupied. An aeroplane offers you an unusual breathtaking view of the world. You soar effortlessly over high mountains and deep valleys. You really see the shape of the land. If the landscape is hidden from view, you can enjoy the extraordinary sight of unbroken clouds, plains that stretch out for miles before you, while the sun shines brilliantly in a clear sky. The journey is so smooth that there is nothing to prevent you from reading or sleeping. However you decide to spend your time, one thing is certain: you will arrive at your destination fresh and uncrumpled. You will not have to spend the next few days recovering from a long and arduous journey.
Match the headings and the texts: 1. Bright and safe 2. The bus you don’t need to drive 3. The story of the name 4. Special traffic rules for the bus 5. The symbol of the capital 6. Watching and learning 7. They have to be skilled and attentive 8. A perfect way to see the capital A. A walking school bus is a group of children walking to school with one or more adults. It can be informal — when two families take turns in getting their children to school. It also can be a structured and planned route with meeting points, a timetable and specially trained volunteers. It’s certainly safer for kids who would otherwise walk alone to school. A walking school bus provides exercise and security. B. Every day thousands of Londoners use big red buses to move around town. These buses were designed especially for London, by people who knew what London needed, and they have served their purpose well! There are hundreds of bus routes all over London. The double-decker bus has become an emblem of London, just as recognizable as Big Ben or Tower Bridge. C. Have you ever wondered why school buses are either yellow or orange? Yellow is an attention-grabbing colour. Scientists have discovered yellow is 1.24 times better for catching our eye than red. People can detect yellow even from the corner of their eye. Yellow is easier to notice in dim light or bad weather. For these reasons, school buses in many countries are yellow. D. Few people know that the word "bus" is a short form of the Latin word "omnibus". A businessman named Stanislas Baudry started the first horse-drawn omnibus service in the French city of Nantes in 1823. The first vehicles stopped in front of the hatter’s shop which had a large sign Omnes Omnibus. Soon Nantes citizens gave the nickname "omnibus" to the vehicle. The word "omnibus" means for all in Latin. In 1828, Baudry launched the omnibus service in Paris too. E. Moscow, like other touristic cities, has double-decker buses — so called hop-on — hop-off buses. A ticket for this bus is valid for one or two days. You can get on and off the bus as many times as you like. The second deck has two parts: an open part, and a closed one. You can enjoy the open part in the warm weather and the closed part when the weather is not very good. Every passenger is supplied with a free city map and a free headphone set to listen to the audio guide. F. The job of a bus driver goes beyond just driving the vehicle! Bus drivers are responsible for the safety of their passengers, which can sometimes be as many as 100 people! They are responsible for driving their assigned route and sometimes they have to take fares and answer passengers’ questions. Bus drivers also check the safety of their vehicle and make sure it has working safety equipment like first aid kits and fire extinguishers. G. The Magic School Bus is a Saturday morning animated children’s television series. It is based on the series of books of the same name by Joanna Cole and Bruce Degen. In each story, elementary school teacher, Ms Frizzle, and her class of eight pupils board a magic school bus, which takes them on field trips to impossible locations, such as the solar system, clouds, the past, and inside the human body. The class pet, Liz, a lizard, accompanies the class on their field trips.
Read the text and match teenagers' hobbies and their descriptions. American Teens with Drive! Akiane Kramarik is a girl from a small town in Idaho whose favourite hobby is painting. Akiane is very creative and learned how to use pastels when she was six. She pays a lot of attention to detail and her paintings are very realistic. She finished 40 paintings that sold for as much as 25,000$. Chase Austin competed in his first race at the age of eight in a go-kart pieced together by his father. The 16-year-old certainly loves speed and already has a career which many people could be jealous of. This young man from Kansas is not afraid of hard work and that’s why he has won so many awards. In December 2001, Raynece Leader-Thimpson, who was a student at Edison Middle School, had to do a science project. Her mother helped her design a game which makes learning maths simple as well as fun! Raynece got an ‘A’ grade for her project so her teacher gave it to some younger students to try out. Soon after that people started to ask for their own copy of the game. So they set up a company called, ‘Math Works, LLC!’ Esteban Cortezar is a young man whose love for fashion began when he was a child in Colombia. He began designing when he was ten. He used to take old clothes apart and then staple pieces back together again. Today Esteban is in charge of a growing fashion empire. He recently travelled to New York, where he showed his latest collection during fashion week. He is determined to succeed and it looks like he is going the right way about it!
Read the text and match with the headings. There is one heading extra.
Match the headings (A-H) to extracts 1-7. Use each heading only once. There is one extra heading you do not need to use. A. Making it worthwhile В. A lucky rescue С. A terrible crime D. Neighbourhood pride works E. A suitable punishment F. Kid power G. Bad weather ahead H. Gone forever [1] Last Saturday a group of teenagers were seen doing their part to save the environment. Early in the morning, twenty young students from St Mark’s Secondary School in Granton set off by bus and headed for Brampton Forest — the forest that was partly destroyed in last year’s dreadful fire. Armed with small shovels and buckets of pine saplings, these teens were determined to show that they care about the future of their planet. At final count, the youngsters managed to plant over 2,000 young trees. We should all be proud of these hard-working young people. [2] The next time you go to your local supermarket take a minute to look and see if there is something different about it. The local council, supported by a government grant, has installed ten recycling machines in supermarkets in the area. The machines only work with returnable bottles, and when one is deposited in the machine the depositor receives ten pence for their effort. It is hoped that where concern for the environment has not persuaded people to recycle, money might. [3] 22-year-old Rowan Peters was sentenced to six months in prison yesterday at Carlisle Crown Court. Found guilty of an act of arson that resulted in the destruction of over 1,000 hectares of valuable woodland, Peters continued to proclaim his innocence. To most people gathered outside the court, Peters’ sentence was far too light and really counted as no more than a slap on the wrist for such an irresponsible and dangerous act. [4] Clydesdale Mews in the west of the city is sparkling this morning after a massive weekend clean-up by locals. Sick and tired of the rubbish littering their streets and parks, the people of the area, many of whom have lived there their whole lives, decided to get together to do something about it once and for all. Old and young alike turned out to participate in the clean-up. When asked about it, Mr Kline, an elderly resident, said, «Now, that’s the stuff. We have always loved the area, and after this weekend we have even more reason to do so. Everywhere is as neat as a pin, just like in the old days!» [5] Scientists have announced that a type of West African monkey, Miss Waldron’s red colobus, has probably become extinct. This large monkey is the first primate to vanish since the 19th century. Despite a series of searches conducted by anthropologists over a six-year period, no evidence of even one. Wildlife experts were unsurprised, as the last confirmed sighting of a Miss Waldron’s red colobus was over 20 years ago and it was listed as endangered back in 1988. [6] Hurricane winds ripped through areas of Florida yesterday, causing millions of dollars’ worth of damage. Homeowners in the state complained to the media that the local meteorological office and weather stations had given them little time to prepare for the hurricane. An expert on climate change, Stan Wren, issued a harsh warning that yesterday’s hurricane was not simply a force of Mother Nature, but the product of man’s continuing disrespect for the environment. He went on to say that we should be prepared to expect more surprises in the future. [7] Concerned conservationist rushed to the mouth of St Stephen’s River late this afternoon after receiving reports that a young whale had beached itself. The desperate situation suddenly took a turn for the better when the water level began to rise and the whale managed, with the help of onlookers, to free itself and escape to deeper water. Once its sense of direction had returned, it turned and headed back out to sea. It seems that sometimes sonar signals from boats can confuse the young whales, and they become separated from their pod, or family group.
Read the text and mark the statements True, False or Not stated. An Exchange Student at 17 It almost feels like as if it was just yesterday when I was on my own on a plane not really knowing what to expect but excited for what the future had for me. Now I’m back home with a ton of memories, e-mails to answer, and a lot of stories to share. So I will write about my experience of being an exchange student in Appleton, Wisconsin for a whole school year. I’ve wanted to be an exchange student my whole high school life. I read about summer programs in a brochure from IFS. Having friends from another country would be the coolest thing in the world. I would be on my own, have my own Indiana Jones adventure. At the end of my senior year I was applying to IFS. I had meetings in the weekends about rules, how to survive, homesickness, etc. I was placed with the greatest host family in the whole world. They treated me like their own. I had a host mom, a host dad, a brother and sister. Ben would always be sweet and give me hugs and kisses. I loved every minute of it because I never had a younger brother before. Through e-mails we established that I was going to call them Mom and Dad. I felt super loved. They hugged me when I needed to be hugged, let me stay out late at night with my friends, and even let me have parties in the basement. I went to an American co-ed public high school, and that was a big adjustment coming from an all-girl private Catholic school. I have never met so many kinds of people in just one place. I was scared during the first day of school. I didn’t know anyone, I got lost since the school was huge. But pretty soon I started to get comfortable. It was funny how people always got surprised by how good I was at speaking in English. They were like, “Wow, you even speak better English than me”. I had the chance to take fun classes like Spanish, photography, and art, so I met people with similar interests as me and got to go to field trips. My favourite one was going to Chicago. I was giving a talk about the Philippines for the school’s Global Awareness Week. I made a lot of friends and met so many people. Friends took me out to movies, hockey games, restaurants, road trips, rock shows and concerts. I got to do my first American prank, which was writing on boys’ cars with lipstick. Everyone was warm, open. I never really got homesick because I had friends who made sure I was okay. They were all always there for me and helping me. I will forever remember all the fun times I had with them. Every month, I met with other exchange students in our area. I made friends with people from Germany, Brazil, the Netherlands, England, Hungary, etc. It was fun when we were together because we saw how language, skin color or height didn’t matter. We were all the same. We talked about the differences at home, school, and out countries. I learned so many things about other cultures. Being away for 10 months and living alone in a completely different world has taught me a lot of things. I now can say that I am independent, appreciate my family and friends here more, open to new ideas, and more confident about myself. Having my own adventure has proven to me that anything is possible and that I can do anything.
Read the text and mark the statements True, False or Not stated. My name's Marta and I'm from Poland. I'm an accountant by profession, and I worked for a large chemical plant for more than fifteen years. The job seemed to be stable, and I was quite happy with my salary there. It wasn't a lot, but it was enough for a comfortable life. However, when the economic crisis broke, the plant went bankrupt, and hundreds of employees, myself included, found themselves unemployed. It was shocking news for me, as we had two children to support. My husband’s business was affected by the crisis too, so we needed to come up with something very urgently. I had lots of free time, but it didn't make me happy at all. I have submitted my curriculum vitae to various companies, but I have not received any responses. It is questionable whether an accountant is necessary in a time of economic decline and a financial sector in disarray. My old hobby, photography, helped me escape the stressful situation. I was pretty good at it when I was at university, but I'd completely given up after graduation. During the difficult time of the crisis, taking pictures was my way of relaxing. I used my camera to see things that many people don't notice or pay attention to. I took close-ups of the grass growing through the sand, the old cracked wooden bench covered with vine leaves or a stray dog sleeping on the pavement. Life around me was amazing, there was no reason for depression! I wanted to share my new vision of life with other people, and arranged a little photo exhibition for our community and friends. People came, looked at the pictures, and left in a peaceful and relaxed mood. Sometimes they wanted to buy some of the photos to brighten up their home or office. I gave the photos away for free, as I didn't want to charge my friends and neighbours. Their interest, however, gave me the idea of how my hobby could help me earn money. I enrolled in a Photo Art Course, completed it and prepared a business plan for my own photo studio. Last week, my plan was approved by the local business committee and I received an interest-free loan to buy all the necessary equipment for my business - I've already bought a new camera and rented a studio. It's all very exciting as it's going to be a new page in my life. I really hope it's a happy one.
Read the text and mark the statements True, False or Not stated. A very special breakfast I opened my eyes on a warm Sunday morning in June to the sound of a crowd running in the direction of the hall and back to the kitchen. I opened the bedroom door and bumped into my sons dressed like Indians and holding up wooden arrows that nearly hurt me. “Good morning, Daddy!” they shouted and ran away. I slowly went to the kitchen dreaming of a cup of hot coffee. “Daddy, Mummy said you can spend Father’s Day with us. She won’t be home from shopping until late”, said Ian. That was a very special present from my wife! I thought I should also plan something extraordinary for Mother’s Day. The boys were dragging me by my arms to the kitchen table covered with all sorts of plates. “Daddy, we’ve made breakfast for you!” they cried. I decided to start with the chocolate dessert with honey syrup. When I had a small piece I forgot about chocolate and the syrup altogether as it was all sugar. “Tasty”, I murmured with a forced smile. The boys smiled and moved a plate with pieces of toast closer to me. I tried the one with the stuff that looked like peanut butter. “Is it all right?” wondered Trevor, “We’ve used the peanut butter from the fridge but we’ve added some additional ingredients.” I could hardly manage to say the single word, “good” in return. The bread was really good, but the unidentified stuff stuck to my mouth like glue. To try another dish I had to clear out my mouth first. The boys did not notice my inconvenience as they were busy getting the next dish ready. My first attempt to identify the dark brown object on the plate was not successful. “Carrot?” I tried, shyly. “No, Daddy, bacon!” said Ian proudly. “Mother did not let us use the gas stove, so we cooked it in the microwave. Five minutes only.” All I could do was to nod when the piece of coal fell down into my stomach. “Did she say you can't use the coffee maker either?” I added enthusiastically. “Sure! We made you instant coffee!” they cried and produced a cup. It was filled with warm brown liquid with coffee granules on its surface. That was the only time in my life I'd had coffee made from hot water from the sink. The meal came to an end. I said it was the best breakfast I had ever had. The boys smiled and promised to find new recipes next Father’s Day. I smiled in return and looked round the kitchen which was a complete mess. Trying to make the day even more special for me they wanted to clean it up. Luckily, at that moment, I mentioned the new cartoon and they rushed away into the living room immediately. I made myself a cup of coffee in the coffee machine, cleaned the kitchen and sat peacefully for half an hour. The boys’ cheerful cries could clearly be heard from the living room. When I looked in, they were so absorbed with Tom and Jerry that they did not notice me. “Boys!” I cried, “We are going to McDonald’s for lunch”. “Cool!” came the answer.
Read the text and mark True or False. You've always wanted to be popular in school. You've dreamt a thousand times what it would be like to be the star of your school's football team or that tall blonde girl who everyone fancies. "Cool" people are attractive, confident and always wear stylish outfits. Everyone wants to hang out with them. But often "cool" people aren't very nice! They can be selfish and bossy. At times they get impatient with people who might be shy or a bit quiet. If you really want to make some true friends, here are some tips. Don’t choose friends based on looks. What really matters in a friend is not being slim and beautiful but reliable and generous. Choose friends who are humorous, talkative and who never treat others badly. In fact, these are the people who are truly cool! Try to choose friends that you can actually benefit from. Those who are creative and have interests other than fashion and parties. Be flexible but don't say or do things that make you feel uncomfortable just to make "cool" people like you. Always speak your mind. Those who really care for you will still be your friends - even if at times you drive them crazy. Remember: real friends are those you can open up to. Those who will hold their tongue and will never give away your secrets. Take a minute and think. What really matters? Making friends that count or counting friends?
Read and mark the statements True, False or Not Stated. The Siberian tiger is the largest type of feline living today, measuring up to 3 metres or more from its nose to the tip of its tail. It is an endangered species and much has been done to protect it. For a while, these protection efforts met with some success. Recently, though, their numbers have begun to drop again. Conservation efforts began in the early 1990s, and in 2005 there were nearly 400 Siberian tigers living in their natural habitat. Their population remained about the same during those dozen years or so, but in late 2006, the number of tigers killed by hunters increased again. Siberian tigers have a beautiful coat of fur, which is the main reason why they are hunted – even though in 1947 the practice of hunting them was made illegal in Russia, where the Siberian tiger mainly makes its home. Wars – especially the Russian Civil War, which brought the soldiers of both armies to the Vladivostok area – have also had a terrible effect on the species’ numbers. There were about 250 Siberian tigers in the 1980s, and illegal hunting threatened to make them extinct within a short time. A plan called the Siberian Tiger Project was launched in 1992, and researchers arrived in the area to monitor the population and study their ways of life in order to better help them survive. The specific region where Siberian tigers live – the Far East – is an area also including small parts of China and North Korea. The tigers were once found in regions inside both those countries, but in North Korea it has been a long time since one was seen. In China, which co-operates with Russia in conservation efforts, they still exist. The two governments work together to raise awareness about the difficulties the animal faces and both send police protection to the tigers’ habitat. Various ideas have been suggested for increasing the population of the Siberian tiger. One is that a home could be made for them in Central Asia, the natural habitat of the Caspian tiger, since it is a very close relative of the Siberian tiger. However, the problem with this suggestion is that there is not a large enough habitat available in this area to support them. Another idea is to introduce the tigers into a wildlife park being set up in Russia. Unfortunately, the park is in the planning stages and it could be several years before the tigers would be able to live there. Although there are few Siberian tigers located in the wild, there are about a thousand living in zoos around the world. While it is not an ideal habitat, it is a safe environment for the tigers, and they are able to reproduce, which means it is unlikely that they will become extinct.
Read the text and mark the statements True or False. The Santa Claus Wait Christmas Eve is a special time for children. Every year they wait for their presents from Santa Claus. Magic is everywhere in Tim and Robert’s house which is decorated with greeting cards, candles and lights. The sweet smell of Mum’s homemade cookies also brings to mind the coming wonders.Throughout the month before Christmas Tim and his brother Robert regularly made their beds, set the table and followed their parents’ instructions about the house. As usual, each of them wrote a letter to Santa to ask for a toy. They knew Santa wouldn’t visit naughty children. The same thing happened each year until the brothers were nine. They suddenly began to doubt that Santa could decorate their tree and millions more trees in a single night. It also seemed hard for Santa to deliver all the gifts before daybreak. Besides, they kept asking Dad how Santa could get inside their house without a chimney! Dad usually answered that Santa would surely come, but that the children should be good and go to bed early. So on Christmas Eve, after Mum had checked that there was enough food left for Santa, the boys were sent to bed as usual. Robert was soon asleep, but Tim silently lay in bed, hoping to hear Santa coming. It seemed the longest night of Tim’s life. In the early morning, when the other members of the family were still asleep, Tim bravely went to the living room to check for presents from Santa. When he switched on the light, he cried “Wow! He’s come!” In the room the Christmas tree stood in the middle of a big platform that looked like a small town with a toy railroad. It was unbelievable; a toy wonderland! Tim spent an hour among the toys and then decided to wake up Robert and his parents to see the presents. While running upstairs he saw that the cookies had disappeared. In excitement he went into his parents’ bedroom but didn’t notice that they seemed a little bit more tired than usual. “Mum! Dad! Quick! Robert! It’s fantastic!” he shouted. Everybody went down. Robert immediately saw his new car. It was wonderful. Poor Robert was upset because the car wouldn’t run. Dad said he couldn't understand why the car wouldn't start. The batteries in the car had been absolutely new. He didn’t know Tim had turned on the car and had forgotten about it when he was checking out other gifts earlier. Within that hour the batteries died, in those times they didn't last long. Tim kept silent as he didn’t want to be punished on Christmas Day.
Read the text and mark the sentences True, False or Not stated. A Christmas Story Years ago, there was a very rich man whose main interest in life was collecting art. He was a widower, and he had a son who shared his father’s passion. They travelled together around the world, buying the finest pictures for their collection. War put an end to their travels. The young man left to serve his country. After a few weeks, his father got the news that the young man had died while taking a fellow soldier to hospital. Miserable and lonely, the old man thought about the upcoming Christmas holidays. On Christmas morning, a knock on the door awakened the depressed old man. As he opened the door, he saw a young soldier with a large package in his hand. “I was a friend of your son,” he said. “I was the one he was rescuing when he died. May I come in? I have something to show you.” The soldier told the old man how his son had saved his life and how everyone in the regiment loved and respected him. “I’m an artist,” said the soldier, “and I want to give you this.” He handed the package to the old man. The old man unwrapped the package and saw that it was a picture - a portrait of his son. The old man knew enough about art to understand that the picture was not the work of a genius, but his son’s face, his features, his expression... The likeness was striking. The painting of his son soon became his most prized possession. He valued it more than the pieces that museums around the world would be proud to have. The following spring, the old man became ill and died. As he had no relatives, all his paintings were to be sold at an auction. According to the old man’s will, the pictures had to be auctioned on Christmas Day, the day he received his greatest gift. Art collectors from around the world gathered to buy some of the world’s most famous paintings. The auction began with a painting that was not on any museum’s list. It was the painting of the man’s son. The auctioneer asked for an opening sum. The room was silent. “Who will start with $100?” he asked. No one spoke. Minutes passed. From the back of the room came, “Who cares about that painting? It’s just a picture of his son. Let’s forget it and go on to the good stuff.” “No, we have to sell this one first,” replied the auctioneer. “Now, who will take the son?” After a few minutes, a man stood up and said,“ I’m not an art collector, I just knew the father and the son, and I’d like to have the boy’s portrait if nobody wants it. But I have only ten dollars.” “Ten dollars. Will anyone go higher?” called the auctioneer. “Going once, going twice. And now the auction is over.” The room went quiet. Everybody looked at the auctioneer in disbelief. Then somebody asked, “What do you mean it’s over? We didn’t come here for a picture of some old man’s son painted by an artist nobody has heard of. What about all these paintings?” The auctioneer replied, “It’s very simple. According to the will of the father, whoever takes the son ... gets it all.”
Read the text and mark the sentences True, False or Not stated. Charles Dickens Charles Dickens can be considered to be the first celebrity author in the world. He had become popular by the age of 25 and he was treated just like rock stars and movie stars are treated today. Everywhere he went, there were crowds of people cheering him, shaking his hand, and asking for his autograph. His fans in the US even cut bits of fur from his coat for souvenirs. He was so famous that when he died at the age of 58 he was buried at Westminster Abbey. A great novelist, short story writer, journalist, he was also an editor - and a father of 10 children! Dickens’s life was much like that of his many characters, a rags-to-riches story. Born in Portsmouth on the 7th of February, 1812, he was the second of eight children. When he was 10 years old, his family moved to London. But there were serious money problems and his father went to prison for debt. His family later joined him. It was common in those days for the family of a debtor to live with him in prison. Charles was taken out of school and sent to work in a blacking factory where he put labels on bottles of shoe polish. He worked long hours for very little money and lived away from his family, alone in London. Charles never forgot this. Even as a famous and successful adult, he carried a deep memory of the grief, humiliation and hopelessness he had felt. Later, he went to school again, and left it at 15 to become a reporter. His genius for describing comical characters and his anger about social injustice were soon noticed. In 1836, he began The Pickwick Papers. The book was so popular that by the age of 25 Charles was the most popular novelist in both Britain and America. Charles Dickens’s novels were funny and exciting, but they had a very serious message. He described the hard life of poor people and attacked injustice, hypocrisy and other social ills of Victorian England. He often wrote about real people and real events. His stories were so powerful that Parliament sometimes passed laws to change things for the better. For example, after publishing Nicholas Nickleby, some of the cruel boarding schools in England were closed down. London was Dickens’s muse. Throughout his life, he both loved and hated the city. When he was a boy, it filled him with horror and wonder. As a man, he regularly walked ten to twenty miles across the city, working out his plots. The city always inspired him, and when he was away from it he often found it difficult to work. He called it his ‘magic lantern,’ and it never failed to spark his imagination. Dickens is read and remembered today for the unique characters he created. Oliver Twist, David Copperfield, Uriah Heep, Ebenezer Scrooge, and many, many more live in our memories as real people. When Dickens created his characters, he often ran to the mirror and acted out their movements and facial expressions. Probably that’s why they are so memorable. One of his most famous characters is Scrooge from A Christmas Carol. Today, this name is part of the English language: we often call a mean person a ‘scrooge’. Dickens is as popular today as he was during his lifetime. To mark his birthday, there are celebrations all over the English-speaking world — performances, exhibitions, festivals and even parades!
Read the text and mark the statements True, False or Not stated. Do you believe in myths? - If you eat fish, you’ll be cleverer. But some say it’s impossible. Who is right? Fish contains a fat called omega-3 and this is good for your brain. Eating fish is unlikely to improve your intelligence but it’s good to eat fish at least twice a week. - Can you catch a cold if you go out in cold weather with wet hair? No, that’s incorrect. Getting very cold and wet can affect your immune system but cold weather doesn’t directly cause colds; they are caused by viruses. These are easily spread in unhealthy places such as centrally-heated offices, homes and crowded classrooms! - Does eating carrots improve your eyesight? Well, have you ever seen a rabbit with glasses? But seriously, no. Carrots are good for healthy eyes because they are high in vitamin A. However, eating lots of carrots won’t improve your eyesight. - Does listening to music on MP3 players damage our ears? Yes, it can. Just fifteen minutes of loud noise can cause hearing problems. If you are wearing headphones and people around you can hear the music, then the volume is too high. It’s also unfair to other people! - Is it bad for your eyes to look at a computer or TV screen for a long time? Actually, no it isn’t. Good news for all you, tele-addicts! But don’t sit in an uncomfortable position or close to the screen – this can cause headaches. And don’t watch TV for more than ten hours a week. You’ll be unfit and more likely to get impatient easily or be tired at school. - Our spots are caused by eating too much chocolate. Is it true? Many young people are embarrassed to talk about this but it’s quite normal to get spots. Stop eating chocolate for a while and see if it makes a difference. It’s important to eat fruit and vegetables every day. They give you vitamin C and that’s good for your skin.
Read the text and fill in the gaps with the right phrases. There are TWO EXTRA phrases you don’t need to use.
Read the dialogue and fill in the gaps with the right phrases. There is ONE EXTRA phrase you don’t need to use.
Read the text carefully and match the paragraphs to the titles.
Read the text and fill in the gaps with the right phrases.
Read the text and fill in the gaps with the right phrases.
Read the text and fill in the gaps with the correct options.
You are going to read an article where four students talk about their dream jobs. For questions (1-10), choose from the people (A-D). The people may be chosen more than once.
Read the descriptions of eight jobs. Jobs Available A ABC Computer Specialists Do you have customer service skills? ABC Computer Specialists are looking for sales advisers to join our growing customer service team. This is a full-time post, 37 hours a week, with great opportunities for the right person. B Mansion House Hotel An exciting opportunity for students wanting work experience in the Mansion House Hotel on a part-time basis. You will be dealing with international customers and a second language would be an advantage. Hours of work can be agreed to suit your needs though you would be required to work some weekends. C Susie’s Hairdressing We are a new hairdresser’s and we want a young, hard-working volunteer to manage our reception desk. You will take calls, make bookings and help build a relationship with our customers. Suitable candidates will be offered a one-year contract. D The Daily News Our business is growing and we need an assistant for our customer service team. The successful person will assist in managing our sales staff and be responsible for reporting on sales. The successful person will receive training. E Amega Would you like to work in a modern office environment, building relationships with customers, and working with our excellent team? If you’ve recently completed your studies at university and are looking for a career in the beauty industry, then please get in contact. F Peterfield Forum We are looking for keen volunteers to help run our summer school. You will have experience in working with young people and be prepared to accompany them on trips. The school is open from Monday to Friday and we need volunteers for at least two of these days. G Hall Green Community Centre This is a great opportunity to gain experience in youth work. We are looking for a volunteer with work experience to support our young people as they begin to enter employment. You would be expected to work on Saturdays from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. with occasional Sunday sessions. H Lucas Media Are you a student looking for work from Monday to Friday over the vacation period? We are offering a short-term contract to a keen young person to work with our sales team. You will get an idea of how a modern company operates, deal with customer enquiries and have the chance to help develop our website. The people below are all looking for a job. Decide which jobs would be the most suitable for them.
Medium Level Read the text and fill in the gaps with the correct option. There is one extra option you do not need to use.
Read the text and choose the correct answers. Lionel Andrés Messi, widely regarded as the world's greatest football player, was born on June 24, 1987, in Argentina. His exceptional skills and talents have led many to believe he could become the greatest player in the history of the sport. Messi's journey in football began at a very young age. He started playing when he was only five years old. By the time he turned eight, he had joined the famous Newell's Old Boys' youth team, where his talent started to shine. His career really took off when he joined Barcelona for the 2004-05 season. In the very next season, he played a crucial role in helping his team win the prestigious Champions League. Then, in the 2008-09 season, he achieved a remarkable feat by scoring his impressive 38 goals. Many football experts compare him to the legendary Pele and Maradona, acknowledging his incredible skills. His ability to outmaneuver defenders and his knack for scoring goals are truly extraordinary. As a top soccer coach, Arsene Wenger, once remarked that Messi has a unique talent for capitalizing on every mistake made by opposing teams, making him a force to be reckoned with on the field.
Read the text and choose the correct answer. Stephen Hawking was an English scientist, cosmologist, teacher, and author. He is best known for discovering how the universe was formed and predicting what might happen to it in the future. He was born on 8th January 1942, exactly 300 years after the death of the famous astronomer Galileo – a fact that Stephen was very proud of. Stephen’s fascination with space began at an early age, when he enjoyed spending time lying on the grass in the garden and watching the stars. At school, Stephen’s classmates often called him ‘Einstein’. With close friends, he enjoyed playing board games and making model airplanes and boats. Stephen went on to study physics and chemistry at the college in Oxford. He became a lively, witty, and popular member of his class and joined the college boat club. Stephen then attended Cambridge University, where he studied cosmology and made some incredible discoveries. It was at Cambridge that Stephen first developed problems with his health. He became very clumsy, regularly falling or dropping things. His speech became slurred and hard to understand. His disease progressed more slowly than doctors had imagined, meaning he was able to return to his studies. In later years, he used a wheelchair and spoke using a computer voice synthesiser. While at Cambridge University, Stephen studied black holes. Using what he had discovered about black holes, Stephen was able to show that the universe had started with a Big Bang and would end in black holes. Due to his amazing work and incredible sense of humour, Stephen inspired millions of people to become interested in science.
Read the text and choose the best title. The mass media play an important part in our lives. Newspapers, radio and especially TV inform us of what is going on in this world and give us wonderful possibilities for education, entertainment, and communication. They also influence the way we see the world. They can change our views. Of course, not all newspapers, TV programmes, news presenters, radio commentators, or entertainers report events objectively all the time. In other words, they can be clearly biased sometimes. However, there are many serious journalists and TV reporters who try to be as fair and professional as possible. They try to provide us with reliable information. Some people say that journalists are given too much freedom. They often intrude on people’s lives. They follow celebrities and print sensational stories about them which can be untrue or half-true. You have probably heard of the “paparazzi”; they are independent photographers who take pictures of athletes, entertainers, politicians, and other celebrities, typically while going about their life routines. One main source of news for millions of people is television. People like TV news because they can see everything with their own eyes, and that’s a paramount advantage. Seeing, as we know, is believing. Besides, it is much more difficult for politicians to lie in front of the cameras than on the front pages of newspapers. Still, others prefer the radio. It is good to listen to the radio while in the car, or in the open air, or while you are doing something around the house. Newspapers don’t react to events as quickly as TV does, but they usually provide us with extra details, comments, and background information. The internet has recently become another important source of information. Its main advantage is that news appears on the screen as soon as things take place in real life, and you don’t have to wait for news time on TV.
Read the text and and decide if following statements are "True", "False" or "Not Stated". The mass media play an important part in our lives. Newspapers, radio and especially TV inform us of what is going on in this world and give us wonderful possibilities for education, entertainment, and communication. They also influence the way we see the world. They can change our views. Of course, not all newspapers, TV programmes, news presenters, radio commentators, or entertainers report events objectively all the time. In other words, they can be clearly biased sometimes. However, there are many serious journalists and TV reporters who try to be as fair and professional as possible. They try to provide us with reliable information. Some people say that journalists are given too much freedom. They often intrude on people’s lives. They follow celebrities and print sensational stories about them which can be untrue or half-true. You have probably heard of the “paparazzi”; they are independent photographers who take pictures of athletes, entertainers, politicians, and other celebrities, typically while going about their life routines. One main source of news for millions of people is television. People like TV news because they can see everything with their own eyes, and that’s a paramount advantage. Seeing, as we know, is believing. Besides, it is much more difficult for politicians to lie in front of the cameras than on the front pages of newspapers. Still, others prefer the radio. It is good to listen to the radio while in the car, or in the open air, or while you are doing something around the house. Newspapers don’t react to events as quickly as TV does, but they usually provide us with extra details, comments, and background information. The internet has recently become another important source of information. Its main advantage is that news appears on the screen as soon as things take place in real life, and you don’t have to wait for news time on TV.
Read the text and choose the correct options. The In-front-of-the-camera job, Behind-the-scenes Work ... Have you ever dreamed of a varied job which would involve presenting the Olympics on TV or interviewing celebrity figures like Paris Hilton or Jude Law? You do? Then why not become a TV or radio presenter? As a presenter, you’ll be working on a wide variety of projects. You may be interviewing guests on chat shows, hosting quiz and game shows, introducing sports or music programs, or presenting specialist programs like travel or gardening. If you prefer the serious stuff, you can specialize in current affairs or make documentaries. Although a presenter’s main job is done in front of the cameras, there’s a lot to do behind the scenes as well. You’ll be expected to plan each show with the producer or director, do research and rehearse the script. You may get to write your own material, and you’ll probably be involved in online broadcasting, too. Personality is important in this profession. You’ve got to be confident and outgoing and be able to interact with the audience. Ambition and motivation are very important too, along with excellent presentation skills and a good voice. Problems are bound to arise while you’re on air and quick decisions will be called for. You’ll need to think on your feet and stay calm under pressure. Life as a presenter can have its downsides. If you’re on a short contract, as is normal, you’ll be in and out of work quite frequently. Hours are sometimes unsociable, too. Getting up at 4 a.m. is tough, as is working late at night while your friends are out partying! And working conditions can be trying at times: while most TV studios are comfortable, working outside often involves spending time in all kinds of weather and situations. But these are minor worries, according to presenter Emma Johnson. "I host a radio breakfast show and it’s really exciting", she says. "I never know what to expect. I leave for work with my day planned out, but often something big will have happened by the time I get to the studio. I just say, Ok, I’ll change my plan and report on that instead. There are some nerve-racking situations but it’s what I like best about the job". She meets plenty of celebrities, too. "I’m interviewing a top boy band later today and this time tomorrow I’ll be flying to Hollywood to meet actor Russel Crowe," she explains. Although Emma loves her job, her big ambition is to work in TV. "My present contract runs out next month," she says. I’m going to have a holiday, and then I’ll be knocking on the door of my local TV company". Emma got into presenting through her acting background, but there is no set route into the profession. Some presenters have university qualifications, while music show hosts have often been performers themselves, or may have worked as DJs in clubs. For entertainment shows, presenters often have an acting background and audition to present the show. Competition is stiff in this field, so if you’re starting out and you want to get noticed ahead of other applicants, proof of practical work experience is essential. Producing a student newspaper is one way to get experience, as is volunteer work on a hospital or student radio station. Specializing in a certain area, like sport or music, can be useful, too. It looks good on your CV and marks you from the rest of the crowd. Want to know more? GetFamous.com is running a one-day TV presenter course next month. Experts will teach you all about the world of TV presenting while you try out your skills in front of the cameras.
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Dreaming When you fall asleep, you enter a strange and magical world. This is the world of dreams. In Greek and Roman times, it was believed that gods communicated with people through dreams and that dreams could predict the future. Often these dreams were difficult to understand, so a person known as an oracle would be consulted to interpret the dream. The oracles that could correctly understand the dreams were highly valued since they advised what needed to be done or avoided in the future. In the 20th century psychologists such as Sigmund Freud developed the theory that dreams express our deepest fears and desires. Therefore, common dreams such as failing a test or being late may simply be an expression of what you are afraid of, while dreams of becoming a millionaire may just express what we wish. However, some dreams might not be so obvious and can be cloaked in symbols that only a trained specialist can interpret. This is actually similar to the oracle mentioned above, only instead of predicting the future the psychoanalyst explained the psychological meaning of a dream. According to the latest scientific research, dreams are simply random signals that are interpreted by the brain. When we sleep, some parts of the brain are activated, such as the visual centres of the brain, while other parts are deactivated, like those that are responsible for logic, which is why even though dreams are so strange, we don't question them or understand that we are dreaming. A consequence of this theory is that dreams are simply mixed up memories, fears and worries and therefore don't need to be interpreted to be understood. Some people claim that they don't dream at all. Scientific research has proven this false. When we dream, our eyes move rapidly beneath our closed eyelids. This is known as Rapid Eye Movement or REM. Even animals dream, some even more than humans. Dolphins dream the least, while opossums dream the most. The reason some people don't remember that they were dreaming is that following REM sleep is another stage called deep sleep, where we don't dream. During this stage dreams are forgotten. If people wake up during REM sleep, they remember having dreamt. If they wake up during the stage of deep sleep, they may have the illusion that they did not dream at all. A new kind of dreaming that has recently been studied is called lucid dreaming. This is a dream where you understand that you are dreaming and can control it. Normally when you are dreaming, the part of the brain responsible for logic is turned off. Somehow during a lucid dream, these logical centres are activated and a person is half-awake and half-dreaming. One of the benefits of lucid dreaming is being able to avoid a nightmare by realizing that it is just a dream. Another positive outcome of lucid dreams is that they are very fun. One of the first things people usually try in a lucid dream is flying, and the thrill of exploring a dream and being able to control it is an unforgettable experience. 15. People who say that they never have any dreams, 1) simply don't remember them. 2) have problems with their eyes. 3) do not get enough sleep. 4) are similar to dolphins.
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Lost in the Heat Polina didn't want to move to America. At the age of 12, she was very set in her ways and did not welcome change. She had a group of friends whom she had known since nursery school and enjoyed hanging out with. She also could hardly speak any English, so she doubted she would be able to make any new friends. Her father was selected to be a Russian representative for the International Space Station project to NASA. They were moving to Houston, Texas, for a year. First, she imagined Texas to be a desert with cowboys riding around on horses. When she found out that Houston was a big city, however, she imagined skyscrapers. The reality turned out completely different. Nobody actually lived in the city. It was surrounded by many suburbs, which were really just small towns. They lived in a suburb called Katy, in a neighborhood with houses that all looked the same as if stamped out by identical cookie-cutters. She had really been afraid of the heat. On the big wall map they had in Moscow she had seen that Houston was the same latitude as Africa. But now she barely noticed it because of the blasting freezing air-conditioning everywhere: in the car, in every store, and at home. Every time she stepped outside, however, she was assaulted by the overpowering heat. Her parents were off at work, so she found herself alone most of the time. She tried watching TV but couldn't understand anything. She thought about chatting with her friends back in Moscow, but then remembered that it was the middle of the night on account of the time difference. That was when she decided to go for a walk. She knew it would be scorchingly hot, but she felt suffocated sitting inside. So she lathered up with sunscreen, laced up her sneakers and went outside. The full force of the heat was like a blazing furnace. But after a while she got used to it. She walked along the street, thinking about how strange it was here. In Moscow, everyone lived in apartment buildings with courtyards. In the summer, there would be lots of people out strolling, enjoying themselves. Here she didn't see a single person. An occasional car passed by but that was it. She kept walking aimlessly until she stumbled upon a highway. To her left, there was a field with cows. Beyond this small oasis of country life, other housing communities were visible in the distance, mirroring the one she lived in. Further down the highway was a small convenience store. She was thirsty so she walked there to get a drink. When she opened the door, she felt frosty relief from the heat. The cashier looked up, smiled and said, "How’re you doing? It sure is a scorcher today, ain't it?" Polina had no idea what he was talking about, so she just stared at him. "What's wrong, little darling, cat got your tongue?" he asked, but she just paid and left. She didn't notice which direction she was going and ended up in a neighborhood she assumed was hers. Everything looked familiar. It was only when she couldn't find her house that she knew she was totally lost. She was sweating and feeling dizzy and when everything started going black, she remembered the cows. She should have looked for the field with cows to get back. That was her last thought... When she woke up, she was lying in a hospital bed. Her mom and dad were there. “What happened?” she inquired. A nurse didn't understand the language, but guessed her question. "You're lucky to be alive little lady, you had a heat stroke. Guess you know now why people don't go on walks in the Texas heat!" 12. Which of the following was NOT the reason why Polina didn’t want to move to 1) She was afraid of doing badly at school. 2) She didn't want to part with her friends. 3) She was reluctant to change her lifestyle. 4) She was afraid of Texan climate.
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Lost in the Heat Polina didn't want to move to America. At the age of 12, she was very set in her ways and did not welcome change. She had a group of friends whom she had known since nursery school and enjoyed hanging out with. She also could hardly speak any English, so she doubted she would be able to make any new friends. Her father was selected to be a Russian representative for the International Space Station project to NASA. They were moving to Houston, Texas, for a year. First, she imagined Texas to be a desert with cowboys riding around on horses. When she found out that Houston was a big city, however, she imagined skyscrapers. The reality turned out completely different. Nobody actually lived in the city. It was surrounded by many suburbs, which were really just small towns. They lived in a suburb called Katy, in a neighborhood with houses that all looked the same as if stamped out by identical cookie-cutters. She had really been afraid of the heat. On the big wall map they had in Moscow she had seen that Houston was the same latitude as Africa. But now she barely noticed it because of the blasting freezing air-conditioning everywhere: in the car, in every store, and at home. Every time she stepped outside, however, she was assaulted by the overpowering heat. Her parents were off at work, so she found herself alone most of the time. She tried watching TV but couldn't understand anything. She thought about chatting with her friends back in Moscow, but then remembered that it was the middle of the night on account of the time difference. That was when she decided to go for a walk. She knew it would be scorchingly hot, but she felt suffocated sitting inside. So she lathered up with sunscreen, laced up her sneakers and went outside. The full force of the heat was like a blazing furnace. But after a while she got used to it. She walked along the street, thinking about how strange it was here. In Moscow, everyone lived in apartment buildings with courtyards. In the summer, there would be lots of people out strolling, enjoying themselves. Here she didn't see a single person. An occasional car passed by but that was it. She kept walking aimlessly until she stumbled upon a highway. To her left, there was a field with cows. Beyond this small oasis of country life, other housing communities were visible in the distance, mirroring the one she lived in. Further down the highway was a small convenience store. She was thirsty so she walked there to get a drink. When she opened the door, she felt frosty relief from the heat. The cashier looked up, smiled and said, "How’re you doing? It sure is a scorcher today, ain't it?" Polina had no idea what he was talking about, so she just stared at him. "What's wrong, little darling, cat got your tongue?" he asked, but she just paid and left. She didn't notice which direction she was going and ended up in a neighborhood she assumed was hers. Everything looked familiar. It was only when she couldn't find her house that she knew she was totally lost. She was sweating and feeling dizzy and when everything started going black, she remembered the cows. She should have looked for the field with cows to get back. That was her last thought... When she woke up, she was lying in a hospital bed. Her mom and dad were there. “What happened?” she inquired. A nurse didn't understand the language, but guessed her question. "You're lucky to be alive little lady, you had a heat stroke. Guess you know now why people don't go on walks in the Texas heat!" 13. In America, Polina's family lived 1) in an apartment in central Houston. 2) together with her aunt Katy’s family. 3) in a house in the outskirts of Houston. 4) on a cow farm in the desert.
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Lost in the Heat Polina didn't want to move to America. At the age of 12, she was very set in her ways and did not welcome change. She had a group of friends whom she had known since nursery school and enjoyed hanging out with. She also could hardly speak any English, so she doubted she would be able to make any new friends. Her father was selected to be a Russian representative for the International Space Station project to NASA. They were moving to Houston, Texas, for a year. First, she imagined Texas to be a desert with cowboys riding around on horses. When she found out that Houston was a big city, however, she imagined skyscrapers. The reality turned out completely different. Nobody actually lived in the city. It was surrounded by many suburbs, which were really just small towns. They lived in a suburb called Katy, in a neighborhood with houses that all looked the same as if stamped out by identical cookie-cutters. She had really been afraid of the heat. On the big wall map they had in Moscow she had seen that Houston was the same latitude as Africa. But now she barely noticed it because of the blasting freezing air-conditioning everywhere: in the car, in every store, and at home. Every time she stepped outside, however, she was assaulted by the overpowering heat. Her parents were off at work, so she found herself alone most of the time. She tried watching TV but couldn't understand anything. She thought about chatting with her friends back in Moscow, but then remembered that it was the middle of the night on account of the time difference. That was when she decided to go for a walk. She knew it would be scorchingly hot, but she felt suffocated sitting inside. So she lathered up with sunscreen, laced up her sneakers and went outside. The full force of the heat was like a blazing furnace. But after a while she got used to it. She walked along the street, thinking about how strange it was here. In Moscow, everyone lived in apartment buildings with courtyards. In the summer, there would be lots of people out strolling, enjoying themselves. Here she didn't see a single person. An occasional car passed by but that was it. She kept walking aimlessly until she stumbled upon a highway. To her left, there was a field with cows. Beyond this small oasis of country life, other housing communities were visible in the distance, mirroring the one she lived in. Further down the highway was a small convenience store. She was thirsty so she walked there to get a drink. When she opened the door, she felt frosty relief from the heat. The cashier looked up, smiled and said, "How’re you doing? It sure is a scorcher today, ain't it?" Polina had no idea what he was talking about, so she just stared at him. "What's wrong, little darling, cat got your tongue?" he asked, but she just paid and left. She didn't notice which direction she was going and ended up in a neighborhood she assumed was hers. Everything looked familiar. It was only when she couldn't find her house that she knew she was totally lost. She was sweating and feeling dizzy and when everything started going black, she remembered the cows. She should have looked for the field with cows to get back. That was her last thought... When she woke up, she was lying in a hospital bed. Her mom and dad were there. “What happened?” she inquired. A nurse didn't understand the language, but guessed her question. "You're lucky to be alive little lady, you had a heat stroke. Guess you know now why people don't go on walks in the Texas heat!" 14. Polina felt bad sitting at home because 1) she was bored and couldn't think of anything to do. 2) it was really hot in the house they lived in. 3) she was suffering from allergies. 4) that was how air-conditioning made her feel.
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Lost in the Heat Polina didn't want to move to America. At the age of 12, she was very set in her ways and did not welcome change. She had a group of friends whom she had known since nursery school and enjoyed hanging out with. She also could hardly speak any English, so she doubted she would be able to make any new friends. Her father was selected to be a Russian representative for the International Space Station project to NASA. They were moving to Houston, Texas, for a year. First, she imagined Texas to be a desert with cowboys riding around on horses. When she found out that Houston was a big city, however, she imagined skyscrapers. The reality turned out completely different. Nobody actually lived in the city. It was surrounded by many suburbs, which were really just small towns. They lived in a suburb called Katy, in a neighborhood with houses that all looked the same as if stamped out by identical cookie-cutters. She had really been afraid of the heat. On the big wall map they had in Moscow she had seen that Houston was the same latitude as Africa. But now she barely noticed it because of the blasting freezing air-conditioning everywhere: in the car, in every store, and at home. Every time she stepped outside, however, she was assaulted by the overpowering heat. Her parents were off at work, so she found herself alone most of the time. She tried watching TV but couldn't understand anything. She thought about chatting with her friends back in Moscow, but then remembered that it was the middle of the night on account of the time difference. That was when she decided to go for a walk. She knew it would be scorchingly hot, but she felt suffocated sitting inside. So she lathered up with sunscreen, laced up her sneakers and went outside. The full force of the heat was like a blazing furnace. But after a while she got used to it. She walked along the street, thinking about how strange it was here. In Moscow, everyone lived in apartment buildings with courtyards. In the summer, there would be lots of people out strolling, enjoying themselves. Here she didn't see a single person. An occasional car passed by but that was it. She kept walking aimlessly until she stumbled upon a highway. To her left, there was a field with cows. Beyond this small oasis of country life, other housing communities were visible in the distance, mirroring the one she lived in. Further down the highway was a small convenience store. She was thirsty so she walked there to get a drink. When she opened the door, she felt frosty relief from the heat. The cashier looked up, smiled and said, "How’re you doing? It sure is a scorcher today, ain't it?" Polina had no idea what he was talking about, so she just stared at him. "What's wrong, little darling, cat got your tongue?" he asked, but she just paid and left. She didn't notice which direction she was going and ended up in a neighborhood she assumed was hers. Everything looked familiar. It was only when she couldn't find her house that she knew she was totally lost. She was sweating and feeling dizzy and when everything started going black, she remembered the cows. She should have looked for the field with cows to get back. That was her last thought... When she woke up, she was lying in a hospital bed. Her mom and dad were there. “What happened?” she inquired. A nurse didn't understand the language, but guessed her question. "You're lucky to be alive little lady, you had a heat stroke. Guess you know now why people don't go on walks in the Texas heat!" 15. The cashier in the convenience store was 1) worried about Polina's health. 2) friendly and tried to make small talk with Polina. 3) wondering whether Polina had lost her cat. 4) trying to sell her an item she didn’t need.
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Lost in the Heat Polina didn't want to move to America. At the age of 12, she was very set in her ways and did not welcome change. She had a group of friends whom she had known since nursery school and enjoyed hanging out with. She also could hardly speak any English, so she doubted she would be able to make any new friends. Her father was selected to be a Russian representative for the International Space Station project to NASA. They were moving to Houston, Texas, for a year. First, she imagined Texas to be a desert with cowboys riding around on horses. When she found out that Houston was a big city, however, she imagined skyscrapers. The reality turned out completely different. Nobody actually lived in the city. It was surrounded by many suburbs, which were really just small towns. They lived in a suburb called Katy, in a neighborhood with houses that all looked the same as if stamped out by identical cookie-cutters. She had really been afraid of the heat. On the big wall map they had in Moscow she had seen that Houston was the same latitude as Africa. But now she barely noticed it because of the blasting freezing air-conditioning everywhere: in the car, in every store, and at home. Every time she stepped outside, however, she was assaulted by the overpowering heat. Her parents were off at work, so she found herself alone most of the time. She tried watching TV but couldn't understand anything. She thought about chatting with her friends back in Moscow, but then remembered that it was the middle of the night on account of the time difference. That was when she decided to go for a walk. She knew it would be scorchingly hot, but she felt suffocated sitting inside. So she lathered up with sunscreen, laced up her sneakers and went outside. The full force of the heat was like a blazing furnace. But after a while she got used to it. She walked along the street, thinking about how strange it was here. In Moscow, everyone lived in apartment buildings with courtyards. In the summer, there would be lots of people out strolling, enjoying themselves. Here she didn't see a single person. An occasional car passed by but that was it. She kept walking aimlessly until she stumbled upon a highway. To her left, there was a field with cows. Beyond this small oasis of country life, other housing communities were visible in the distance, mirroring the one she lived in. Further down the highway was a small convenience store. She was thirsty so she walked there to get a drink. When she opened the door, she felt frosty relief from the heat. The cashier looked up, smiled and said, "How’re you doing? It sure is a scorcher today, ain't it?" Polina had no idea what he was talking about, so she just stared at him. "What's wrong, little darling, cat got your tongue?" he asked, but she just paid and left. She didn't notice which direction she was going and ended up in a neighborhood she assumed was hers. Everything looked familiar. It was only when she couldn't find her house that she knew she was totally lost. She was sweating and feeling dizzy and when everything started going black, she remembered the cows. She should have looked for the field with cows to get back. That was her last thought... When she woke up, she was lying in a hospital bed. Her mom and dad were there. “What happened?” she inquired. A nurse didn't understand the language, but guessed her question. "You're lucky to be alive little lady, you had a heat stroke. Guess you know now why people don't go on walks in the Texas heat!" 16. Polina couldn't find her house because 1) she'd left the map of her neighborhood at home. 2) she didn’t know her street address. 3) she ended up in the wrong neighborhood. 4) the cashier in the store gave her the wrong directions.
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Lost in the Heat Polina didn't want to move to America. At the age of 12, she was very set in her ways and did not welcome change. She had a group of friends whom she had known since nursery school and enjoyed hanging out with. She also could hardly speak any English, so she doubted she would be able to make any new friends. Her father was selected to be a Russian representative for the International Space Station project to NASA. They were moving to Houston, Texas, for a year. First, she imagined Texas to be a desert with cowboys riding around on horses. When she found out that Houston was a big city, however, she imagined skyscrapers. The reality turned out completely different. Nobody actually lived in the city. It was surrounded by many suburbs, which were really just small towns. They lived in a suburb called Katy, in a neighborhood with houses that all looked the same as if stamped out by identical cookie-cutters. She had really been afraid of the heat. On the big wall map they had in Moscow she had seen that Houston was the same latitude as Africa. But now she barely noticed it because of the blasting freezing air-conditioning everywhere: in the car, in every store, and at home. Every time she stepped outside, however, she was assaulted by the overpowering heat. Her parents were off at work, so she found herself alone most of the time. She tried watching TV but couldn't understand anything. She thought about chatting with her friends back in Moscow, but then remembered that it was the middle of the night on account of the time difference. That was when she decided to go for a walk. She knew it would be scorchingly hot, but she felt suffocated sitting inside. So she lathered up with sunscreen, laced up her sneakers and went outside. The full force of the heat was like a blazing furnace. But after a while she got used to it. She walked along the street, thinking about how strange it was here. In Moscow, everyone lived in apartment buildings with courtyards. In the summer, there would be lots of people out strolling, enjoying themselves. Here she didn't see a single person. An occasional car passed by but that was it. She kept walking aimlessly until she stumbled upon a highway. To her left, there was a field with cows. Beyond this small oasis of country life, other housing communities were visible in the distance, mirroring the one she lived in. Further down the highway was a small convenience store. She was thirsty so she walked there to get a drink. When she opened the door, she felt frosty relief from the heat. The cashier looked up, smiled and said, "How’re you doing? It sure is a scorcher today, ain't it?" Polina had no idea what he was talking about, so she just stared at him. "What's wrong, little darling, cat got your tongue?" he asked, but she just paid and left. She didn't notice which direction she was going and ended up in a neighborhood she assumed was hers. Everything looked familiar. It was only when she couldn't find her house that she knew she was totally lost. She was sweating and feeling dizzy and when everything started going black, she remembered the cows. She should have looked for the field with cows to get back. That was her last thought... When she woke up, she was lying in a hospital bed. Her mom and dad were there. “What happened?” she inquired. A nurse didn't understand the language, but guessed her question. "You're lucky to be alive little lady, you had a heat stroke. Guess you know now why people don't go on walks in the Texas heat!" 17. Right before losing consciousness Polina thought about cows because 1) she was thirsty and was craving milk. 2) the cows were the last thing she’d seen before fainting. 3) the heat stroke she was suffering from made her hallucinate. 4) she thought that cows would have helped her find her home.
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Lost in the Heat Polina didn't want to move to America. At the age of 12, she was very set in her ways and did not welcome change. She had a group of friends whom she had known since nursery school and enjoyed hanging out with. She also could hardly speak any English, so she doubted she would be able to make any new friends. Her father was selected to be a Russian representative for the International Space Station project to NASA. They were moving to Houston, Texas, for a year. First, she imagined Texas to be a desert with cowboys riding around on horses. When she found out that Houston was a big city, however, she imagined skyscrapers. The reality turned out completely different. Nobody actually lived in the city. It was surrounded by many suburbs, which were really just small towns. They lived in a suburb called Katy, in a neighborhood with houses that all looked the same as if stamped out by identical cookie-cutters. She had really been afraid of the heat. On the big wall map they had in Moscow she had seen that Houston was the same latitude as Africa. But now she barely noticed it because of the blasting freezing air-conditioning everywhere: in the car, in every store, and at home. Every time she stepped outside, however, she was assaulted by the overpowering heat. Her parents were off at work, so she found herself alone most of the time. She tried watching TV but couldn't understand anything. She thought about chatting with her friends back in Moscow, but then remembered that it was the middle of the night on account of the time difference. That was when she decided to go for a walk. She knew it would be scorchingly hot, but she felt suffocated sitting inside. So she lathered up with sunscreen, laced up her sneakers and went outside. The full force of the heat was like a blazing furnace. But after a while she got used to it. She walked along the street, thinking about how strange it was here. In Moscow, everyone lived in apartment buildings with courtyards. In the summer, there would be lots of people out strolling, enjoying themselves. Here she didn't see a single person. An occasional car passed by but that was it. She kept walking aimlessly until she stumbled upon a highway. To her left, there was a field with cows. Beyond this small oasis of country life, other housing communities were visible in the distance, mirroring the one she lived in. Further down the highway was a small convenience store. She was thirsty so she walked there to get a drink. When she opened the door, she felt frosty relief from the heat. The cashier looked up, smiled and said, "How’re you doing? It sure is a scorcher today, ain't it?" Polina had no idea what he was talking about, so she just stared at him. "What's wrong, little darling, cat got your tongue?" he asked, but she just paid and left. She didn't notice which direction she was going and ended up in a neighborhood she assumed was hers. Everything looked familiar. It was only when she couldn't find her house that she knew she was totally lost. She was sweating and feeling dizzy and when everything started going black, she remembered the cows. She should have looked for the field with cows to get back. That was her last thought... When she woke up, she was lying in a hospital bed. Her mom and dad were there. “What happened?” she inquired. A nurse didn't understand the language, but guessed her question. "You're lucky to be alive little lady, you had a heat stroke. Guess you know now why people don't go on walks in the Texas heat!" 18. According to the nurse, people in Texas don’t go on walks because they 1) think it can be dangerous for their health. 2) are too lazy to walk. 3) are afraid of the criminal activity in the neighbourhood. 4) are too busy making money.
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 — лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу. Nenets culture affected by global warming For 1,000 years the indigenous Nenets people have migrated along the 450-mile- long Yamal peninsula in northern Russia. In summer they wander northwards, taking their reindeer with them. In winter they return southwards. But this remote region of north-west Siberia is now being affected by global warming. Traditionally the Nenets travel across the frozen River Ob in November A ______ around Nadym. These days, though, this annual winter migration is delayed. Last year the Nenets, together with many thousands of reindeer, had to wait until late December В ______ . “Our reindeer were hungry. There wasn’t enough food,” Jakov Japtik, a Nenets reindeer herder, said. “The snow is melting sooner, quicker and faster than before. In spring it’s difficult for the reindeer to pull the sledges. They get tired,” Japtik said. Herders say that the peninsula’s weather is increasingly unpredictable — with unseasonal snowstorms С ______ , and milder longer autumns. In winter, temperatures used to go down to -50 °C. Now they are normally around -30 °C, according to Japtik. “Obviously we prefer -30 °C. But the changes aren’t good for the reindeer D ______ ,” he said, setting off on his sledge to round up his reindeer herd. Even here, in one of the most remote parts of the planet, E ______ . Last year the Nenets arrived at a regular summer camping spot and discovered that half of their lake had disappeared. The water had drained away after a landslide. The Nenets report other curious changes — there are fewer mosquitoes and a strange increase in flies. Scientists say there is unmistakable evidence F ______ . 1. when the ice was finally thick enough to cross 2. that the impact on Russia would be disastrous 3. the environment is under pressure 4. and in the end what is good for the reindeer is good for us 5. and set up their camps in the southern forests 6. that Yamal’s ancient permafrost is melting 7. when the reindeer give birth in May
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 — лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу. Starting your own business What are the reasons for starting your own business? One of them is because you believe you are the best in that line or because you have a product or service that has never been offered to the market before. Another is that you are a person in a real hurry and cannot suffer the A______ to reach your goals. Sometimes it is because you have an inheritance B______ soon after you set up a business or that there already is a cash purse with loose strings and you want to make the best of this bonanza. If your reasons are any or all of the above, abandon the thought right now and save yourself the disillusionment C______ into the world of commerce. Start your own business just for the sake of doing a trade, or for D______. Do not burden yourself with lofty notions of superiority when compared to your peers. When setting out to start your own business, be emotional about it, but not impractical; don’t be led by your heart, but be dictated by your mind. Having covered those parts that are not taught in a business school, let us look at E______ your own business. You should start with a SWOT analysis – strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats – analyze these for yourself, for partners in your business, if any, and for the business itself. If the result of the analysis is encouraging, then prepare a business plan. It is like a road map for actions in the near foreseeable future to achieve your business goals. Finally, execute the business plan with precision; tweak it as you go along, only so that it helps to meet the end goal of successfully F______ the business. 1. the essentials of starting 2. that awaits when you step 3. trials and tribulations of employment 4. establishing and conducting 5. preparing a business plan 6. waiting to be acquired 7. undertaking the commercial activity
Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. 1. Fun in theory, boring in reality 2. Saving rare animals 3. Deficit of activity problems 4. Ready to help 5. Similar sounds — different emotions 6. Benefits of being outdoors 7. Contrary to popular belief 8. Original style A. In addition to being highly intelligent, elephants are capable of a remarkable amount of empathy. During a natural disaster, elephants are able to understand that something dangerous is happening. They can understand that a person is in trouble and that the situation is unsafe. Elephants have good sense of smell and there have been cases when they alerted rescuers to people trapped in a building. Elephants have been observed saving their young from drowning and also been filmed trying to save people they see at risk of drowning. B. A lot of studies suggest that green spaces enhance mental health and learning capacity, both immediately and over time, by lowering stress levels and restoring attention. Greenery restores attention by drawing the eye and at the same time calms the nervous system, creating an ideal state for learning. Similarly, studies show that spending time in the sunlight can reduce attention deficit symptoms, while bright light first thing in the morning can improve mood and the quality of sleep. C. Why are hyenas known for laughing? There is even a phrase we use: “to laugh like a hyena”. Zoologists will tell you that the unique sounds they make are actually no laughing matter. Hyenas indeed make loud barking noises that sound like laughter, but it’s not because they’re amused by anything. Instead, a hyena’s “laughter” is actually a form of communication used to convey frustration, excitement, or fear. Most often, you’ll hear this unique vocalization during a hunt or when the animals are feeding on prey as a group. D. Zoologists believe that boredom isn’t a uniquely human emotion — animals can be bored, too. Animals which live in captivity (in zoos, for example) and don’t have to take care of their survival may experience boredom and try to find ways to overcome it. They may come up with some “creative” activities which they wouldn’t normally do in their natural environment. As for the pets at home, they may also suffer from the lack of stimulation. That’s why we need to make sure we give them enough time, attention and toys regularly. E. While most dogs jump eagerly into the water to swim, cats don’t usually do that, and many believe that cats have a phobia of water. But some pet groomers insist that it’s not true and getting a cat to trust you enough to bathe is quite possible, with some patience and skill. Most cats are not afraid of water like so many people may think. They are actually afraid of loud noises and of drowning, rather than water itself. Cats drink water every day, lots of cats even play with water or follow people into the shower. F. Videogame testers spend most of their time testing the game long before it’s finished and long before it starts to become a fun experience. Even after the game is developed enough to start being fun, the testing tasks often aren’t entertaining at all. Testers may have to walk their character around a forest, for example, to look for trees that aren’t drawn well. They then record the coordinates so an artist can fix them later. It’s monotonous work and can take days to finish. So if testing video games seems like a fun, easy job to you, think again. G. Claude Monet’s impressionist paintings were all about nature. In his works he tried to capture nature as it appeared to him at the moment. He also experimented with light and shadow and how they changed during different times of the day. Some artists of the time criticized Monet because his works lacked detail and didn’t resemble finished paintings. Monet used strong colours, which he did not mix. He painted them onto the canvas in short brush strokes. He was also criticized for not using classical painting techniques.
Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. 1. Training the mind 2. Welsh roots 3. Quick reaction 4. Chemistry in tennis 5. Too fast 6. Losing control 7. Unexpected prize 8. Ads with wings A. By now Wimbledon has become a popular national festival, together with Ascot and the Cup Final. Many people in Britain don’t know that tennis was first played in Wales. It was there, in 1873, that Major Walter Wingfield played a game with the recently invented rubber balls and enjoyed it so much, that he decided to develop the standards of the game. He published the first book of tennis rules later that year. The first Wimbledon championship was held a few years later in 1877 and the British Lawn Tennis Association formed in 1888. B. Good mental preparation is necessary for professional tennis players. In a long match they can be on the court for several hours with nobody to talk to. There can be hundreds of stops from the crowd, their opponent and, especially at Wimbledon, the rain. Players need to practice methods for improving their concentration and for motivating themselves when the game is going against them. They are often taught to imagine some situations, such as a tense tie-break. Then they imagine what to do with it. C. Many players find it impossible to stay calm in the stressful situation of a long tennis match and let their temper out. John McEnroe was famous for his quarrels with referees. Several players have been given warnings for throwing the racket or swearing. Some players lose matches they could easily win because their mind lets them down. Pat Rafter said that he couldn’t breathe in his 2000 Wimbledon final. The stress of being near the victory can be too much for a person. D. The power of today’s tennis game is only partly created by the athletes themselves. Much of it comes from their rackets. New designs mean players can hit the ball with more speed and accuracy than ever before. It started in the 1970s when the traditional wooden racket was replaced with metal. Since then different materials have been used. Graphite has made the biggest influence. Now the graphite can be mixed with materials such as boron and titanium to produce even stronger, and lighter, rackets. E. Speed isn’t always a good thing. Many fans are complaining that the speed of the game is making tennis boring to watch. After two years of testing, a new ball has now been invented which could slow down tennis and make it more exciting to watch. The ball is put together in exactly the same way as the one used now, but is 6% larger in diameter. The bigger ball gives the receiver 10% more reaction time in which to return the serve. So the number of aces — serves in a match that the receiver fails to return — will be far fewer. F. When Irishman John Boland travelled to Athens for the first modern Olympic Games in 1896, he had no idea he would return home with the gold medal in tennis. But then, he had no idea he would compete either — he went to watch the competion. In comparison, today’s Olympic tennis players include some of the best athletes in the world. They are used to five-star hotels and hundreds of thousands of dollars, but at the Olympic Games they will stay in the Olympic Village and compete for nothing but a gold medal. G. The Wimbledon tennis tournament is famous for pigeons that sometimes come flying on to Centre Court and stop the game. So, producers of a video tennis game designed for PlayStation2 decided to use specially trained homing pigeons, decorated with the game’s logo. Twenty birds will be spray-painted with the Virtual Tennis logo and trained to fly in and out of the home of British tennis during the matches of the Wimbledon championship. The advertising pigeons will go straight for the fans and show their logos to them.
Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. 1. For parents and friends 2. Radiation threat 3. Threat for kids 4. Feeling of safety 5. Mobile future 6. Mobile booking office 7. New language 8. SMS to premier A. Mobile phones use ‘radio waves’ to send signals. Since the 1920s, scientists have known that radio waves can cause the heating of the skin and influence the nervous system. But mobile phones don’t produce many radio waves. Still children should be especially careful about mobile phone use because their nervous system may be hurt. Children should only use mobiles for short calls. B. It is known that the strength of radio wave radiation decreases with distance. It suggests that hands-free sets may be effective in avoiding all the dangers of mobile phones. But another study described an increase in radiation that reached the user of a hands-free set. It says that the cable of the hands-free set acted as an antenna, directing more radio waves into the user’s ear. C. Train passengers will soon be able to buy tickets on their mobile phone. Chiltern Railways plans to sell tickets through mobile phones. The new technology sends a code to a mobile phone in a text message, which passengers can then scan at the station ticket barrier. It’s hoped the method will make buying tickets easier for passengers and help fight against queues at stations. D. Many parents now use mobiles to control their children’s behaviour. It gives parents peace of mind and makes young people feel protected. Parents say that young people are safer with mobiles than without them. But, while parents said they liked to call their children on the mobile to actually hear their voice, young people liked to send text messages to parents. E. A research showed that those young people who have a mobile feel more independent and often use it to plan meetings both relatives and peers. In particular, young people often use mobiles to ask their parents if they can come home later. The study showed that girls more often text parents to let them know they were safe than boys. They also use text messaging for socializing purposes. F. It is not only parents who want to connect with young people through mobile technologies. Nowadays politicians and different organizations look for ways to use text messaging as a channel for communication with the young. In late 2004, the UK government offered people the opportunity to ‘text Tony’. People were invited to send a text question to the prime minister to be answered as part of a ‘mobile chat’. G. The popularity of text messages led to the development of a special system of words or ‘chat speak’. For example, acronyms, that are words made from the first letters of other words, are often used both in online chatrooms and text messages sent to your mobile phone. This ‘chat speak’ is very popular with children who are fast at texting. Parents might be interested to know that ‘PAW’ means ‘parents are watching’!
Study the task. Read the sample answer and choose the missing point. Hi, Olga! Hope the photos I have found are good illustrations for our project “Weekends in the summertime”. Let me give you some reasons for my choice. I think the two photos are great for our project because they show popular weekend activities people enjoy doing in summer: sunbathing and hiking. In photo 1, there is a family sunbathing at the seaside. They are having a good time and a lot of fun looking relaxed and happy. Photo 2 shows two people enjoying the sunset from the top of a mountain. They seem to be admiring the panoramic view. One noticeable difference lies in the places where the people are spending their summer weekends: a coastal environment in photo 1 and a mountainous area in photo 2. Besides, the summer activities presented in the photos differ: lying in the sun compared to hiking in the mountains. Understandably, whatever weekend choices are made, they are not perfect, and there are always pluses and minuses. On the plus side, going to the beach for the weekend is a great way to relax as it looks like a natural spa treatment. Speaking of hiking in the mountains as a summer weekend, one of the advantages is a fantastic workout improving mental health and reducing stress. Personally, I would prefer to spend a summer weekend hiking across spectacular landscapes as I’ve always looked for adventure and my love for hiking tours has always been with me since my early childhood. That’s my reasoning, Olga. I wonder what you think about the photos. Bye for now.
Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. 1. Various activities to do 2. Seeing wild animals 3. Funny names 4. Seaside observation point 5. Almost at the shore 6. Quiet places to explore 7. Different tactics 8. Pet-friendly booking A. The English have a very ironic sense of humour, and it may become clear when you discover what some of the towns and villages across England and the United Kingdom are called. Some are hilarious, while others are just plain rude. It is important to keep an eye out when you pass through the English countryside to see if you can spot a few on your travels. There’s Sheepy Parva and Sheepy Magna in Lancashire, Greedy Gut in Somerset, No Place in Derbyshire. There is always something to keep people entertained during their trip! B. England is part of the British Isles and a large archipelago off the coast of Europe. It is not a very big country. In fact, you could fit all the United Kingdom, that is, England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland, inside Texas, the USA, over 2.8 times. So, it shouldn’t come as too much surprise to know that you are never far from the sea when you are in England. In fact, even if you are standing in the very center of the country, you are still no more than 70 miles away from the coast. What a shame that the English weather doesn’t often encourage a beach day! C. Badgers are not always a farmer’s best friends, but Badger Watch farm in the deepest rural Dorset has decided to exploit rather than fight Britain’s cutest large mammals. Extremely difficult to spot, a badger seen in the wild is an unforgettable experience. Two specially designed hides at Badger Watch Dorset offer one of the best chances of finding one. Each hide can be booked privately for up to eight people, from 6.30 pm until the lights are shut off at midnight. Alongside badgers, the hides offer a good chance of seeing foxes, deer, and rabbits. D. Holidays are the best opportunity to explore the UK and overseas territories, spending quality time with family or friends including a four-legged one. In fact, holidays are the best excuse to go on some nice dog adventure and give your dog the best time. To plan your perfect holiday, it’s a matter of finding a place suitable for dogs. The good news is that there is more choice than you may think. We found that almost all holiday accommodation and hotels have a filter which you can use to navigate your options, although some are better presented than others. E. The Hebrides are a beautiful archipelago, where Scottish Gaelic is still spoken. Each day will be a combination of relaxation and adventure. On a full day’s excursion, we may spend four or five hours in the kayaks and cover between seven and ten miles, with plenty of opportunities to land and explore islands on foot. One of the best ways to explore its coastline and spot some of the many bird species, otters and seals is by kayak. We can offer full-day guided trips, taking in hidden coves, long sandy beaches, and hidden ancient sites. F. You never forget your first whale. Such sightings are, of course, down to good fortune and timing, but once you’ve seen your first whale, you will want to see another and another. Famous for its whaling fleet, the Yorkshire coast is one of the best places in England to spot Minke whales, which appear in late summer, following the mackerel. From the coastline of the Outer Hebrides, you can spot up to 23 species of whales, more than a quarter of the world’s 89 known species, which pass through the waters off the west coast of Scotland. G. In summer the possibility of finding a calm area away from the crowds of holiday-goers can be a difficult task. Known as the Heritage Coast, the Northumberland coast area of outstanding natural beauty is surprisingly crowd- free, even in high summer. If you’re willing to relax, you’ll find a number of excellent bathing beaches here. Heritage hunters and nature watchers are spoiled with fantastically arresting castles. Most striking is the mighty fortress at Bamburgh. Many architectural historians have declared this the most wondrous of all England’s coastal castles.
Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. It is very difficult to say when the picture postcards originated. The evolution of the picture postcard reflects the history of the post service in the world. It is also connected with innovations in printing and photography. We may say the history of the picture postcard started with the postal reform in the UK in the 19th century. This reform made the cost of domestic mail delivery very cheap. The person who wanted to send the mail had to pay for it. A stamp was a way to show that you paid for your mail. Sending mail became popular. People were interested in nice paper and envelopes for their letters. That was the time when a scientist from Austria offered to make cards for sending short messages. Everybody liked the idea very much. The first postcards had very simple designs, but now you can buy beautiful cards with various pictures on them.
Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. A long time ago men learnt how to make structures with walls and roofs to protect themselves from bad weather and wild animals. These ancient structures were quite primitive and very different from modern buildings. Still, they gave people shelter and comfort which they needed. Now there are many types of buildings in the world. They vary in size, shape and function. There are several factors which influence the construction of a building. Firstly, builders need to consider which building materials are available or suit better. Secondly, they must know what a building is going to be used for. Moreover, they should think about land prices and climate in the area where they are going to construct a building. It is not a very good idea to build a house with big windows in the north or construct a lot of detached houses in the city centre where land is very expensive.
Imagine that you are preparing a project with your friend. You have found some interesting material for the presentation and you want to read this text to your friend. You have 1.5 minutes to read the text silently, then be ready to read it out aloud. You will not have more than 1.5 minutes to read it. Wales is located on the peninsula in the western part of Great Britain Island and lies in the zone of moderate climate. Atlantic winds bring some features of coastal climate. Consequently weather is similar to the rest of the island, but a bit colder. Major difference in temperature is observed only between daytime and night. It is quite hard to predict the weather of upcoming spring in Wales. In March people more often expect a slight growth of temperature but actual warmth is yet to come. The weather is shifting several times per day and calmness is followed by gusty winds. Dull sunlight is hidden behind heavy clouds. Summer is usually rainy there but warm. South coasts are the warmest location with the highest temperature of about 24 degrees. Inland plains and northern portion of Wales are colder with average temperatures in range between 14 and 20 degrees.
Read the text. Put each sentence into the correct group. Travelling. Means of Transport Of course, travelling by plane is the fastest and the most comfortable way of travelling to other cities and countries, but at the same time it is the most expensive too. When you go by plane, you must arrive at the airport one or two hours before the flight and try not to miss the plane. On the plane you sit in a comfortable armchair and can watch a film, have a meal, listen to music, play a game, see the sky or sleep. But if you are afraid of going by plane, it is not for you. Travelling by train is slower than by plane, but when you are on the train you can look through the window and see the nature of the country. Modern trains have very comfortable seats. If your trip is short, you can sit at the small square table and have tea, coffee, or lunch. If your journey is long, you can even sleep upstairs or downstairs. When you want to go by train, you must buy a single or a return ticket at the booking office at the railway station or buy it online. Then you take your luggage and go to the railway station, where you find the platform in the timetable. From the platform, you get on the train and your journey begins. If your train is a thorough train, you don’t have to change trains and your trip will be easy. Travelling by ship is rather expensive and not very popular in our country, but it is very popular abroad. On large ships and small river boats, passengers can visit foreign countries and different places of interest in their country, too. It is very nice to be on board the ship and to see the water, to feel a fresh sea wind which is blowing in the face and to hear the cries of the seabirds. Travelling by car is very comfortable too. You don’t have to book tickets. You can take much luggage and put it in the back of the car. Furthermore, you can stop where and when you want and spend there as much time as you like. Travelling on foot is very fascinating for young people because they are very active and strong and can walk for many hours a day with their backpacks. You can go and see beautiful nature, animals and birds, swim in the lake or in the river, make a fire and cook food, put a tent and sleep outdoors. You don’t have to buy tickets, and you can be sure that you won’t miss a bus, a train, or a plane. For those people who are old or lazy, travelling on foot isn’t comfortable. There are many means of transport, and you can travel alone, with your friends, family and relatives. Travelling is always interesting and helps you to learn plenty of new things, meet new people, make new friends and see new places of interest.
You have to make a summary of the article from the Ecology magazine to retell it in the lesson. Choose the right options to convey the main ideas of the article. Do you believe in climate change? This may seem like an odd question for a climate scientist to ask, but it is one I am constantly asked now. The typical discussion starts: "I know that the climate is changing, but hasn't it always changed through natural cycles?" Then they will often give an example, such as the medieval warm period to prove their point. Those asking the question include a wide range of people I meet in the pub, friends, politicians and, increasingly, even some of those active in sustainable development and the renewable energy businesses. What I find interesting is that I have known many of these people for a long time and they never asked me this before. Recent studies show that public acceptance of the scientific evidence for man-made climate change has decreased. However, the change is not that great. The difference I find in talking to people is that they feel better able to express their doubts. This is very hard for scientists to understand. The scientific evidence that humanity is having an effect on the climate is overwhelming and increasing every year. Yet public perception of this is confused. People modify their beliefs about uncomfortable truth, they may have become bored of constantly hearing about climate change; or external factors such as the financial crisis may have played a role. Around three years ago, I raised the issue of the way that science can be misused. In some cases scare stories in the media were over-hyping climate change, and I think we are paying the price for this now with a reaction the other way. I was concerned then that science is not always presented objectively by the media. What I don't think any of us appreciated at the time was the depth of disconnect between the scientific process and the public. Which brings me to the question, should you believe in climate change? The first point to make is that it's not something you should believe or not believe in – this is a matter of science and therefore of evidence – and there's a lot of it out there. On an issue this important, I think people should look at that evidence and make their own mind up. We are often very influenced by our own personal experience. After a couple of cold winters in the UK, the common question was: "Has climate change stopped?" despite that fact that many other regions of the world were experiencing record warm temperatures. And 2010 was one of the warmest years on record. For real evidence of climate change, we have to look at the bigger picture. You can see research by the Met Office that shows the evidence of man-made warming is even stronger than it was when the last report was published. A whole range of different datasets and independent analyses show the world is warming. There is a broad consensus that over the last half-century, warming has been rapid, and man-made greenhouse gas emissions are very likely to be the cause. Ultimately, as the planet continues to warm, the issue of whether you believe in climate change will become more and more irrelevant. We will all experience the impacts of climate change in some way, so the evidence will be there in plain sight. The more appropriate questions for today are how will our climate change and how can we prepare for those changes? That's why it's important that climate scientists continue their work, and continue sharing their evidence and research so people can stay up to date – and make up their own minds. 1. Paragraph 1 says that people …
You have to make a summary of the article from the Ecology magazine to retell it in the lesson. Choose the right options to convey the main ideas of the article. Do you believe in climate change? This may seem like an odd question for a climate scientist to ask, but it is one I am constantly asked now. The typical discussion starts: "I know that the climate is changing, but hasn't it always changed through natural cycles?" Then they will often give an example, such as the medieval warm period to prove their point. Those asking the question include a wide range of people I meet in the pub, friends, politicians and, increasingly, even some of those active in sustainable development and the renewable energy businesses. What I find interesting is that I have known many of these people for a long time and they never asked me this before. Recent studies show that public acceptance of the scientific evidence for man-made climate change has decreased. However, the change is not that great. The difference I find in talking to people is that they feel better able to express their doubts. This is very hard for scientists to understand. The scientific evidence that humanity is having an effect on the climate is overwhelming and increasing every year. Yet public perception of this is confused. People modify their beliefs about uncomfortable truth, they may have become bored of constantly hearing about climate change; or external factors such as the financial crisis may have played a role. Around three years ago, I raised the issue of the way that science can be misused. In some cases scare stories in the media were over-hyping climate change, and I think we are paying the price for this now with a reaction the other way. I was concerned then that science is not always presented objectively by the media. What I don't think any of us appreciated at the time was the depth of disconnect between the scientific process and the public. Which brings me to the question, should you believe in climate change? The first point to make is that it's not something you should believe or not believe in – this is a matter of science and therefore of evidence – and there's a lot of it out there. On an issue this important, I think people should look at that evidence and make their own mind up. We are often very influenced by our own personal experience. After a couple of cold winters in the UK, the common question was: "Has climate change stopped?" despite that fact that many other regions of the world were experiencing record warm temperatures. And 2010 was one of the warmest years on record. For real evidence of climate change, we have to look at the bigger picture. You can see research by the Met Office that shows the evidence of man-made warming is even stronger than it was when the last report was published. A whole range of different datasets and independent analyses show the world is warming. There is a broad consensus that over the last half-century, warming has been rapid, and man-made greenhouse gas emissions are very likely to be the cause. Ultimately, as the planet continues to warm, the issue of whether you believe in climate change will become more and more irrelevant. We will all experience the impacts of climate change in some way, so the evidence will be there in plain sight. The more appropriate questions for today are how will our climate change and how can we prepare for those changes? That's why it's important that climate scientists continue their work, and continue sharing their evidence and research so people can stay up to date – and make up their own minds. 2. According to recent studies of public attitude to climate change, more and more people …
You have to make a summary of the article from the Ecology magazine to retell it in the lesson. Choose the right options to convey the main ideas of the article. Do you believe in climate change? This may seem like an odd question for a climate scientist to ask, but it is one I am constantly asked now. The typical discussion starts: "I know that the climate is changing, but hasn't it always changed through natural cycles?" Then they will often give an example, such as the medieval warm period to prove their point. Those asking the question include a wide range of people I meet in the pub, friends, politicians and, increasingly, even some of those active in sustainable development and the renewable energy businesses. What I find interesting is that I have known many of these people for a long time and they never asked me this before. Recent studies show that public acceptance of the scientific evidence for man-made climate change has decreased. However, the change is not that great. The difference I find in talking to people is that they feel better able to express their doubts. This is very hard for scientists to understand. The scientific evidence that humanity is having an effect on the climate is overwhelming and increasing every year. Yet public perception of this is confused. People modify their beliefs about uncomfortable truth, they may have become bored of constantly hearing about climate change; or external factors such as the financial crisis may have played a role. Around three years ago, I raised the issue of the way that science can be misused. In some cases scare stories in the media were over-hyping climate change, and I think we are paying the price for this now with a reaction the other way. I was concerned then that science is not always presented objectively by the media. What I don't think any of us appreciated at the time was the depth of disconnect between the scientific process and the public. Which brings me to the question, should you believe in climate change? The first point to make is that it's not something you should believe or not believe in – this is a matter of science and therefore of evidence – and there's a lot of it out there. On an issue this important, I think people should look at that evidence and make their own mind up. We are often very influenced by our own personal experience. After a couple of cold winters in the UK, the common question was: "Has climate change stopped?" despite that fact that many other regions of the world were experiencing record warm temperatures. And 2010 was one of the warmest years on record. For real evidence of climate change, we have to look at the bigger picture. You can see research by the Met Office that shows the evidence of man-made warming is even stronger than it was when the last report was published. A whole range of different datasets and independent analyses show the world is warming. There is a broad consensus that over the last half-century, warming has been rapid, and man-made greenhouse gas emissions are very likely to be the cause. Ultimately, as the planet continues to warm, the issue of whether you believe in climate change will become more and more irrelevant. We will all experience the impacts of climate change in some way, so the evidence will be there in plain sight. The more appropriate questions for today are how will our climate change and how can we prepare for those changes? That's why it's important that climate scientists continue their work, and continue sharing their evidence and research so people can stay up to date – and make up their own minds. 3. What is meant by “uncomfortable truth” in paragraph 4?
You have to make a summary of the article from the Ecology magazine to retell it in the lesson. Choose the right options to convey the main ideas of the article. Do you believe in climate change? This may seem like an odd question for a climate scientist to ask, but it is one I am constantly asked now. The typical discussion starts: "I know that the climate is changing, but hasn't it always changed through natural cycles?" Then they will often give an example, such as the medieval warm period to prove their point. Those asking the question include a wide range of people I meet in the pub, friends, politicians and, increasingly, even some of those active in sustainable development and the renewable energy businesses. What I find interesting is that I have known many of these people for a long time and they never asked me this before. Recent studies show that public acceptance of the scientific evidence for man-made climate change has decreased. However, the change is not that great. The difference I find in talking to people is that they feel better able to express their doubts. This is very hard for scientists to understand. The scientific evidence that humanity is having an effect on the climate is overwhelming and increasing every year. Yet public perception of this is confused. People modify their beliefs about uncomfortable truth, they may have become bored of constantly hearing about climate change; or external factors such as the financial crisis may have played a role. Around three years ago, I raised the issue of the way that science can be misused. In some cases scare stories in the media were over-hyping climate change, and I think we are paying the price for this now with a reaction the other way. I was concerned then that science is not always presented objectively by the media. What I don't think any of us appreciated at the time was the depth of disconnect between the scientific process and the public. Which brings me to the question, should you believe in climate change? The first point to make is that it's not something you should believe or not believe in – this is a matter of science and therefore of evidence – and there's a lot of it out there. On an issue this important, I think people should look at that evidence and make their own mind up. We are often very influenced by our own personal experience. After a couple of cold winters in the UK, the common question was: "Has climate change stopped?" despite that fact that many other regions of the world were experiencing record warm temperatures. And 2010 was one of the warmest years on record. For real evidence of climate change, we have to look at the bigger picture. You can see research by the Met Office that shows the evidence of man-made warming is even stronger than it was when the last report was published. A whole range of different datasets and independent analyses show the world is warming. There is a broad consensus that over the last half-century, warming has been rapid, and man-made greenhouse gas emissions are very likely to be the cause. Ultimately, as the planet continues to warm, the issue of whether you believe in climate change will become more and more irrelevant. We will all experience the impacts of climate change in some way, so the evidence will be there in plain sight. The more appropriate questions for today are how will our climate change and how can we prepare for those changes? That's why it's important that climate scientists continue their work, and continue sharing their evidence and research so people can stay up to date – and make up their own minds. 4. What does “this” in paragraph 5 refer to?
You have to make a summary of the article from the Ecology magazine to retell it in the lesson. Choose the right options to convey the main ideas of the article. Do you believe in climate change? This may seem like an odd question for a climate scientist to ask, but it is one I am constantly asked now. The typical discussion starts: "I know that the climate is changing, but hasn't it always changed through natural cycles?" Then they will often give an example, such as the medieval warm period to prove their point. Those asking the question include a wide range of people I meet in the pub, friends, politicians and, increasingly, even some of those active in sustainable development and the renewable energy businesses. What I find interesting is that I have known many of these people for a long time and they never asked me this before. Recent studies show that public acceptance of the scientific evidence for man-made climate change has decreased. However, the change is not that great. The difference I find in talking to people is that they feel better able to express their doubts. This is very hard for scientists to understand. The scientific evidence that humanity is having an effect on the climate is overwhelming and increasing every year. Yet public perception of this is confused. People modify their beliefs about uncomfortable truth, they may have become bored of constantly hearing about climate change; or external factors such as the financial crisis may have played a role. Around three years ago, I raised the issue of the way that science can be misused. In some cases scare stories in the media were over-hyping climate change, and I think we are paying the price for this now with a reaction the other way. I was concerned then that science is not always presented objectively by the media. What I don't think any of us appreciated at the time was the depth of disconnect between the scientific process and the public. Which brings me to the question, should you believe in climate change? The first point to make is that it's not something you should believe or not believe in – this is a matter of science and therefore of evidence – and there's a lot of it out there. On an issue this important, I think people should look at that evidence and make their own mind up. We are often very influenced by our own personal experience. After a couple of cold winters in the UK, the common question was: "Has climate change stopped?" despite that fact that many other regions of the world were experiencing record warm temperatures. And 2010 was one of the warmest years on record. For real evidence of climate change, we have to look at the bigger picture. You can see research by the Met Office that shows the evidence of man-made warming is even stronger than it was when the last report was published. A whole range of different datasets and independent analyses show the world is warming. There is a broad consensus that over the last half-century, warming has been rapid, and man-made greenhouse gas emissions are very likely to be the cause. Ultimately, as the planet continues to warm, the issue of whether you believe in climate change will become more and more irrelevant. We will all experience the impacts of climate change in some way, so the evidence will be there in plain sight. The more appropriate questions for today are how will our climate change and how can we prepare for those changes? That's why it's important that climate scientists continue their work, and continue sharing their evidence and research so people can stay up to date – and make up their own minds. 5. The author gives the example of cold winters in the UK to point out that …
You have to make a summary of the article from the Ecology magazine to retell it in the lesson. Choose the right options to convey the main ideas of the article. Do you believe in climate change? This may seem like an odd question for a climate scientist to ask, but it is one I am constantly asked now. The typical discussion starts: "I know that the climate is changing, but hasn't it always changed through natural cycles?" Then they will often give an example, such as the medieval warm period to prove their point. Those asking the question include a wide range of people I meet in the pub, friends, politicians and, increasingly, even some of those active in sustainable development and the renewable energy businesses. What I find interesting is that I have known many of these people for a long time and they never asked me this before. Recent studies show that public acceptance of the scientific evidence for man-made climate change has decreased. However, the change is not that great. The difference I find in talking to people is that they feel better able to express their doubts. This is very hard for scientists to understand. The scientific evidence that humanity is having an effect on the climate is overwhelming and increasing every year. Yet public perception of this is confused. People modify their beliefs about uncomfortable truth, they may have become bored of constantly hearing about climate change; or external factors such as the financial crisis may have played a role. Around three years ago, I raised the issue of the way that science can be misused. In some cases scare stories in the media were over-hyping climate change, and I think we are paying the price for this now with a reaction the other way. I was concerned then that science is not always presented objectively by the media. What I don't think any of us appreciated at the time was the depth of disconnect between the scientific process and the public. Which brings me to the question, should you believe in climate change? The first point to make is that it's not something you should believe or not believe in – this is a matter of science and therefore of evidence – and there's a lot of it out there. On an issue this important, I think people should look at that evidence and make their own mind up. We are often very influenced by our own personal experience. After a couple of cold winters in the UK, the common question was: "Has climate change stopped?" despite that fact that many other regions of the world were experiencing record warm temperatures. And 2010 was one of the warmest years on record. For real evidence of climate change, we have to look at the bigger picture. You can see research by the Met Office that shows the evidence of man-made warming is even stronger than it was when the last report was published. A whole range of different datasets and independent analyses show the world is warming. There is a broad consensus that over the last half-century, warming has been rapid, and man-made greenhouse gas emissions are very likely to be the cause. Ultimately, as the planet continues to warm, the issue of whether you believe in climate change will become more and more irrelevant. We will all experience the impacts of climate change in some way, so the evidence will be there in plain sight. The more appropriate questions for today are how will our climate change and how can we prepare for those changes? That's why it's important that climate scientists continue their work, and continue sharing their evidence and research so people can stay up to date – and make up their own minds. 6. How does the author feel about the evidence of climate change?
You have to make a summary of the article from the Ecology magazine to retell it in the lesson. Choose the right options to convey the main ideas of the article. Do you believe in climate change? This may seem like an odd question for a climate scientist to ask, but it is one I am constantly asked now. The typical discussion starts: "I know that the climate is changing, but hasn't it always changed through natural cycles?" Then they will often give an example, such as the medieval warm period to prove their point. Those asking the question include a wide range of people I meet in the pub, friends, politicians and, increasingly, even some of those active in sustainable development and the renewable energy businesses. What I find interesting is that I have known many of these people for a long time and they never asked me this before. Recent studies show that public acceptance of the scientific evidence for man-made climate change has decreased. However, the change is not that great. The difference I find in talking to people is that they feel better able to express their doubts. This is very hard for scientists to understand. The scientific evidence that humanity is having an effect on the climate is overwhelming and increasing every year. Yet public perception of this is confused. People modify their beliefs about uncomfortable truth, they may have become bored of constantly hearing about climate change; or external factors such as the financial crisis may have played a role. Around three years ago, I raised the issue of the way that science can be misused. In some cases scare stories in the media were over-hyping climate change, and I think we are paying the price for this now with a reaction the other way. I was concerned then that science is not always presented objectively by the media. What I don't think any of us appreciated at the time was the depth of disconnect between the scientific process and the public. Which brings me to the question, should you believe in climate change? The first point to make is that it's not something you should believe or not believe in – this is a matter of science and therefore of evidence – and there's a lot of it out there. On an issue this important, I think people should look at that evidence and make their own mind up. We are often very influenced by our own personal experience. After a couple of cold winters in the UK, the common question was: "Has climate change stopped?" despite that fact that many other regions of the world were experiencing record warm temperatures. And 2010 was one of the warmest years on record. For real evidence of climate change, we have to look at the bigger picture. You can see research by the Met Office that shows the evidence of man-made warming is even stronger than it was when the last report was published. A whole range of different datasets and independent analyses show the world is warming. There is a broad consensus that over the last half-century, warming has been rapid, and man-made greenhouse gas emissions are very likely to be the cause. Ultimately, as the planet continues to warm, the issue of whether you believe in climate change will become more and more irrelevant. We will all experience the impacts of climate change in some way, so the evidence will be there in plain sight. The more appropriate questions for today are how will our climate change and how can we prepare for those changes? That's why it's important that climate scientists continue their work, and continue sharing their evidence and research so people can stay up to date – and make up their own minds. 7. The author wants climate scientists to continue their work because …
Read the text and match True or False. It's not always easy to know how to be there for your friends. At first, try to understand a situation from your friend's point of view. Ask questions to get a sense of the problem or issue, but the main thing is to listen to them. You don't have to have all the answers, and don't assume that your friend wants advice - they might just want to talk so that they can work it out for themselves. If your friend has a medical or mental health issue, a good way to offer support is to learn about what they've been diagnosed with. Being interested in what they're going through shows you care, and that you plan to stick around no matter what's going on. Ask them what they need. If you're worried about someone and you want to be there for them, ask them what they need. You'll then know what they find helpful during tough times, and you can offer them support in a way that's genuinely helpful. Hugging your friends is a great way to show you care for them. Physical contact can be really comforting, especially when someone feels alone.
Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words in brackets.
Read the text and choose the correct words to fill in the gaps.
Read the text and fill in the gaps with the correct words.
Form an adjective from the words in brackets by adding –ed or -ing. I was really ___ (embarrass) when I fell over in the street.
Form an adjective from the words in brackets by adding –ed or -ing. She looked very ___ (confuse) when I told her we had to change the plan.
Form an adjective from the words in brackets by adding –ed or -ing. My nephew was ___ (amuse) by the clown.
Form an adjective from the words in brackets by adding –ed or -ing. I thought her new idea was absolutely ___ (fascinate).
Form an adjective from the words in brackets by adding –ed or -ing. The journey was ___ (exhaust)! Twelve hours by bus.
Read the text and decide if the statements are True, False or Not Stated. Volunteering: how to make a difference! More and more young people are taking on volunteer work nowadays. Some even travel to the other side of the world and do unpaid work for a charity or other non-profit organization there. They help to build homes for poor families, teach children English, take care of orphans, or help protect an endangered species. There is a wide variety of voluntary jobs to choose from. A number of charity groups organize educational programs for children around the world. Many students volunteer for these types of projects. They teach subjects like English and Mathematics to children while staying in their community and getting to know the people and their culture. It is also a great opportunity to develop their own skills. It is a learning experience for both the children and the teacher. Young people who are good with their hands or simply would like to help in a very practical way can participate in one of the many conservation projects. Several charity organizations help build houses or schools for poor children around the world. In the village of Kamakwie in Sierra Leone, for example, a team of 20 young volunteers built a secondary school for poor orphans. Other similar projects are going on across poor villages in Africa, making sure that kids get an education. For people interested in wildlife, conservation groups organize volunteer holidays throughout the world. You can help with wildlife research in countries like Kenya and Botswana or protect 25 turtles in Mexico, Zanzibar, or elsewhere. On Redang Island in Malaysia volunteers come from all over the world to help conserve the endangered green turtle. Participants monitor the turtles that come onto the beach and protect them and their eggs. They also get to enjoy the beach and even snorkel with the 30 turtles sometimes. A volunteer holiday is for people who want to make a difference in the world and are prepared to give up their own time, money and effort to do it. Volunteers have to be realistic, though, and understand that they cannot change the world in two or three weeks. To some volunteers it seems that they are not doing much by helping out for only a couple of weeks but, in fact, every bit of help counts. Thanks to young volunteers, the lives of millions of people around the world are improving and, in their eyes, the sun is probably shining brighter than it used to.
The teenagers are all looking for an activity to do on holiday. Read about the holiday resort and decide which activity would be the most suitable for each teenager. There is one extra option you do not need to use.
Read the text. Then choose the correct options. Gulliver's Travel My master, finding how profitable I was likely to be, decided to carry me to the most important cities of the kingdom. Having therefore provided himself with all things necessary for a long journey, and settled his affairs at home, he took leave of his wife, and on 17th August, about two months after my arrival, we set out for the metropolis, situated near the middle of that empire, and about three thousand miles distance from our house. My master made his daughter, Glumdalclitch, ride behind him. She kept me on her lap, in a box tied about her waist. The girl had lined it on all sides with the softest cloth she could get, well quilted underneath, furnished it with her baby's bed, provided me with linen and other necessaries, and made everything as convenient as she could. We had no other company but a boy of the house, who rode after us with the luggage. My master's plan was to show me in all the towns on the way and to step out of the road for fifty or a hundred miles, to any village, or person of quality's house, where he might expect custom. We made easy journeys, of not above seven or eight miles a day; for Glumdalclitch, not wanting to exhaust me, complained she was tired with the trotting of the horse. She often took me out of my box, at my own desire, to give me air, and show me the country, but always held me by a leading string. We passed over five or six rivers, much broader and deeper than the Nile or the Ganges: and there was hardly a stream so small as the Thames at London Bridge. We were ten weeks into our journey, and I was shown in eighteen large towns, besides many villages, and private families. On the 26th day of October, we arrived at the metropolis, called in their language LORBRULGRUD, or Pride of the Universe. My master took a lodging in the principal street of the city, not far from the Royal Palace, and put out bills in the usual form, containing an exact description of my person and parts. He hired a large room between three and four hundred feet wide. He provided a table sixty feet in diameter, upon which I was to act my part. I was shown ten times a day, to the wonder and satisfaction of all people. I could now speak the language tolerably well, and perfectly understood every word, that was spoken to me. Besides, I had learnt their alphabet and could make an attempt to explain a sentence here and there; for Glumdalclitch had been my instructor while we were at home, and leisure hours during our journey. She carried a little book in her pocket, not much larger than a Sanson's Atlas; it was a common treatise for the use of young girls, giving a short account of their religion: out of this she taught me my letters, and interpreted the words.
Complete the sentences using the verb in brackets in the correct gerund or infinitive form.
Read the text and choose the correct options to fill in the gaps.
Match the headings (1―8) to the extracts (A―G). Use each heading only once. There is one heading you do not need to use.
For items 1-12, read the text below. Use the word given in brackets to form a new word that fits in the provided space before the brackets. В поле ответа запишите только ОДНО слово. Слова с орфографическими ошибками, опечатками и лишними знаками не засчитываются!
